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Dermatophytosis, also known as tinea and ringworm, is a fungal infection of the skin [2] (a dermatomycosis), that may affect skin, hair, and nails. [1] Typically it results in a red, itchy, scaly, circular rash. [ 1 ]
Superficial scrapes of skin examined underneath a microscope may reveal the presence of a fungus.This is done by utilizing a diagnostic method called KOH test, [6] wherein the skin scrapings are placed on a slide and immersed on a dropful of potassium hydroxide solution to dissolve the keratin on the skin scrappings thus leaving fungal elements such as hyphae, septate or yeast cells viewable.
Tinea corporis (also known as "ringworm", [2] tinea circinata, [11] and tinea glabrosa [2]) is a superficial fungal infection (dermatophytosis) of the arms and legs, especially on glabrous skin; however, it may occur on any part of the body, it present as annular, marginated plaque with thin scale and clear center.
[3] [6] They are everywhere and infection occurs after spores are either breathed in, come into contact with skin or enter the body through the skin such as via a cut, wound or injection. [3] Candida albicans is the most common cause of fungal infection in people, particularly as oral or vaginal thrush, often following taking antibiotics.
Microsporum audouinii causes the infections Tinea capitis (scalp ringworm) and Tinea corporis. [2] These superficial dermal diseases are generally found in prepubescent children (starting at 6 months) and rarely affect adults. [3] There are a few reasons why children are more susceptible to M. audouinii.
Trichophyton rubrum is a dermatophytic fungus in the phylum Ascomycota.It is an exclusively clonal, [2] anthropophilic saprotroph that colonizes the upper layers of dead skin, and is the most common cause of athlete's foot, fungal infection of nail, jock itch, and ringworm worldwide. [3]
One of the most frequent forms is dermatophytosis (ringworm, tinea) which includes tinea pedis, also known as athlete's foot. Another example is cutaneous candidiasis. These fungal infections impair superficial layers of the skin, hair and nails. [1] Dermatomycosis is one of the most common types of infection worldwide. [2]
Less than 10% of patients using the oral formulation may have abnormal liver function tests. Side effects include rash, hives, blisters, burning, itching, peeling, redness, swelling, pain, or other signs of skin irritation. [2] For this reason, liver function tests should be monitored periodically when taking oral clotrimazole (troche).