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A well regulated Militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms shall not be infringed. The ratification act from New Jersey has no commas: [31] A well regulated Militia being necessary to the security of a free State the right of the people to keep and bear Arms shall not be infringed.
Its clause describing "a well regulated militia" became a point of legal contention in the context of gun control, presenting a dispute as to whether a militia was a prerequisite to gun ownership or if it applied to all citizens in addition to militias. The Supreme Court ruled that it extends beyond militias in District of Columbia v. Heller ...
A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. [5] [6] Stemming from English common law tradition, the concept of a right to keep and bear arms was recognized prior to the creation of a written national constitution. [7]
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Whether the intent of the Second Amendment was to recognize an individual right to own and carry arms, or to guarantee the right of each of the several States to have a militia composed of citizens (i.e. the organized, and unorganized militia, as defined by the Efficiency In Militia Act of 1903) remains an issue of public debate.
They generally believe that the U.S. Constitution clearly specifies "a well-regulated militia" in the Second Amendment and not completely unrestricted gun ownership, and some believe that the ...
The right of the whole people, old and young, men, women and boys, and not militia only, to keep and bear arms of every description, not such merely as are used by the militia, shall not be infringed, curtailed, or broken in upon, in the smallest degree; and all this for the important end to be attained: the rearing up and qualifying a well ...
That the words "a well regulated militia being necessary for the security of a free State", and the words "common defense" clearly show the true intent and meaning of these Constitutions [i.e., Ark. and U.S.] and prove that it is a political and not an individual right, and, of course, that the State, in her legislative capacity, has the right ...