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Cholescintigraphy or hepatobiliary scintigraphy is scintigraphy of the hepatobiliary tract, including the gallbladder and bile ducts.The image produced by this type of medical imaging, called a cholescintigram, is also known by other names depending on which radiotracer is used, such as HIDA scan, PIPIDA scan, DISIDA scan, or BrIDA scan.
Several technetium-99m complexes are used in cholescintigraphy scans (also known as hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid scans) to evaluate the health and function of the gallbladder. [3] [4] Iminodiacetic acid is an important intermediate in one of the two main industrial processes used to manufacture the herbicide glyphosate.
Gallbladder diseases are diseases involving the gallbladder and is closely linked to biliary disease, with the most common cause being gallstones (cholelithiasis). [1] [2]The gallbladder is designed to aid in the digestion of fats by concentrating and storing the bile made in the liver and transferring it through the biliary tract to the digestive system through bile ducts that connect the ...
Bile acid sequestrants are polymeric compounds that serve as ion-exchange resins. Bile acid sequestrants exchange anions such as chloride ions for bile acids. By doing so, they bind bile acids and sequester them from the enterohepatic circulation. The liver then produces more bile acids to replace those that have been lost.
The medications ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) have been used in treatment to dissolve gallstones. [58] [59] A 2013 meta-analysis concluded that UDCA or higher dietary fat content appeared to prevent formation of gallstones during weight loss. [41]
N-Methyliminodiacetic acid is an organic compound with the formula CH 3 N(CH 2 CO 2 H) 2. It is a white solid, which as its conjugate base CH 3 N(CH 2 CO − 2 ) 2 is used as a chelating agent for iron. [ 2 ]
The presence of gallstones, usually visualized by ultrasound, generally necessitates a surgical treatment (removal of the gall bladder, typically via laparoscopy). [ 27 ] Removal of the gallbladder with surgery, known as a cholecystectomy , is the definitive surgical treatment for biliary colic.
Cholecystitis causes the gallbladder to become distended and firm. Distension can lead to decreased blood flow to the gallbladder, causing tissue death and eventually gangrene. [13] Once tissue has died, the gallbladder is at greatly increased risk of rupture (perforation), which can cause sharp pain.