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C struct data types may end with a flexible array member [1] with no specified size: struct vectord { short len ; // there must be at least one other data member double arr []; // the flexible array member must be last // The compiler may reserve extra padding space here, like it can between struct members };
This diagram represents five contiguous memory regions which each hold a pointer and a data block. The List Head points to the 2nd element, which points to the 5th, which points to the 3rd, thereby forming a linked list of available memory regions. A free list (or freelist) is a data structure used in a scheme for dynamic memory allocation.
Array, a sequence of elements of the same type stored contiguously in memory; Record (also called a structure or struct), a collection of fields Product type (also called a tuple), a record in which the fields are not named; String, a sequence of characters representing text; Union, a datum which may be one of a set of types
The basic data types (called modes in Algol 68 parlance) are real, int, compl (complex number), bool, char, bits and bytes. For example: INT n = 2; CO n is fixed as a constant of 2. CO INT m := 3; CO m is a newly created local variable whose value is initially set to 3.
For every type T, except void and function types, there exist the types "array of N elements of type T". An array is a collection of values, all of the same type, stored contiguously in memory. An array of size N is indexed by integers from 0 up to and including N−1. Here is a brief example:
A singly-linked list structure, implementing a list with three integer elements. The term list is also used for several concrete data structures that can be used to implement abstract lists, especially linked lists and arrays. In some contexts, such as in Lisp programming, the term list may refer specifically to a linked list rather than an array.
A snippet of C code which prints "Hello, World!". The syntax of the C programming language is the set of rules governing writing of software in C. It is designed to allow for programs that are extremely terse, have a close relationship with the resulting object code, and yet provide relatively high-level data abstraction.
The alignment of particular fields in the struct (with respect to word boundaries) is implementation-specific and may include padding. Modern compilers typically support the #pragma pack directive, which sets the size in bytes for alignment. [1] The C struct feature was derived from the same-named concept in ALGOL 68. [2]