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Tungsten carbide (chemical formula: WC) is a chemical compound (specifically, a carbide) containing equal parts of tungsten and carbon atoms. In its most basic form, tungsten carbide is a fine gray powder, but it can be pressed and formed into shapes through sintering [7] for use in industrial machinery, engineering facilities, [8] molding blocks, [9] cutting tools, chisels, abrasives, armor ...
Naturally occurring tungsten consists of four stable isotopes (182 W, 183 W, 184 W, and 186 W) and one very long-lived radioisotope, 180 W. Theoretically, all five can decay into isotopes of element 72 by alpha emission, but only 180 W has been observed to do so, with a half-life of (1.8 ± 0.2) × 10 18 years; [36] [37] on average, this yields ...
For the production of the tungsten heavy alloy, binder mixtures of nickel and iron or nickel and copper are widely used. The tungsten content of the alloy is normally above 90%. The diffusion of the binder elements into the tungsten grains is low even at the sintering temperatures and therefore the interior of the grains are pure tungsten. [18]
Additionally in the 19th century tungsten sulfides were sparingly used as lubrication for machining. Wolframite is also used to make tungstic acid which is used in the textile industry. [14] A major modern day use of tungsten is as a catalyst for various chemical reactions. One such catalytic use of tungsten is as a hydrocracking catalyst which ...
In diagnostic imaging, heavy metals such as cobalt or tungsten make up the anode materials found in x-ray tubes. [171] In electron microscopy, heavy metals such as lead, gold, palladium, platinum, or uranium have been used in the past to make conductive coatings and to introduce electron density into biological specimens by staining , negative ...
The strong bonding of metals in liquid form demonstrates that the energy of a metallic bond is not highly dependent on the direction of the bond; this lack of bond directionality is a direct consequence of electron delocalization, and is best understood in contrast to the directional bonding of covalent bonds.
Tungsten steel is any steel that has tungsten as its alloying element with characteristics derived mostly from the presence of this element (as opposed to any other element in the alloy). Common alloys have between 2% and 18% tungsten by weight along with small amounts of molybdenum and vanadium which together create an alloy with exceptional ...
Ferrotungsten is relatively expensive, with the prices around $31–44 per kilogram of contained tungsten. [4] During World War 2, over 21,000,000 lb of Ferro-tungsten and other ferroalloys were shipped to Russia on lend-lease. [3] The cost was more than $12,000,000. Ferrotungsten comes from rich ore raw materials primarily of wolframite or ...