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The magnet was made of 18 turns of bare copper wire (insulated wire had not yet been invented). [1] William Sturgeon (/ ˈ s t ɜːr dʒ ə n /; 22 May 1783 – 4 December 1850) was an English electrical engineer and inventor who made the first electromagnet and the first practical electric motor.
Ancient people learned about magnetism from lodestones (or magnetite) which are naturally magnetized pieces of iron ore.The word magnet was adopted in Middle English from Latin magnetum "lodestone", ultimately from Greek μαγνῆτις [λίθος] (magnētis [lithos]) [1] meaning "[stone] from Magnesia", [2] a place in Anatolia where lodestones were found (today Manisa in modern-day Turkey).
The magnetic field of the Earth aligns the domains, leaving the iron a weak magnet. Drawing of a medical treatment using magnetic brushes. Charles Jacque 1843, France. Magnetism was first discovered in the ancient world when people noticed that lodestones, naturally magnetized pieces of the mineral magnetite, could attract iron. [3]
British scientist William Sturgeon invented the electromagnet in 1824. [3] [4] His first electromagnet was a horseshoe-shaped piece of iron that was wrapped with about 18 turns of bare copper wire. (Insulated wire did not then exist.)
The first usage of the word electricity is ascribed to Sir Thomas Browne in his 1646 work, Pseudodoxia Epidemica. The first appearance of the term electromagnetism was in Magnes, [35] by the Jesuit luminary Athanasius Kircher, in 1641, which carries the provocative chapter-heading: "Elektro-magnetismos i.e.
Joseph Henry (December 17, 1797 [1] [2] – May 13, 1878) was an American experimental physicist and inventor who served as the first secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. He was the secretary for the National Institute for the Promotion of Science , a precursor of the Smithsonian Institution. [ 3 ]
This specimen was also the first substance found to be repelled by the poles of a magnet. [36] [37] Faraday invented an early form of what was to become the Bunsen burner, which is still in practical use in science laboratories around the world as a convenient source of heat.
1088 – Shen Kuo first recognizes magnetic declination. 1187 – Alexander Neckham is first in Europe to describe the magnetic compass and its use in navigation. 1269 – Pierre de Maricourt describes magnetic poles and remarks on the nonexistence of isolated magnetic poles