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The first ultrasonic thickness gauge was made in 1967 by Werner Sobek; [citation needed] a Polish engineer from Katowice. This first ultrasonic thickness gauge measured the velocity of the waves it emitted in particular test samples, it then calculated the thickness in micrometers from this speed measurement by an applied mathematical equation.
A test method is a method for a test in science or engineering, such as a physical test, chemical test, or statistical test. It is a definitive procedure that produces a test result. [ 1 ] In order to ensure accurate and relevant test results, a test method should be "explicit, unambiguous, and experimentally feasible.", [ 2 ] as well as ...
The first efforts to use ultrasonic testing to detect flaws in solid material occurred in the 1930s. [1] On May 27, 1940, U.S. researcher Dr. Floyd Firestone of the University of Michigan applies for a U.S. invention patent for the first practical ultrasonic testing method.
For hardwood flooring, the test usually requires an 80 mm × 150 mm (3 in × 6 in) sample with a thickness of at least 6–8 mm, and the most commonly used test is the ASTM D1037. When testing wood in lumber form, the Janka test is always carried out on wood from the tree trunk (known as the heartwood), and the standard sample (according to ...
Lipoarabinomannan is a lipoglycan and major virulence factor in the bacteria genus Mycobacterium.In addition to serving as a major cell wall component, it is thought to serve as a modulin with immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory effects.
The NAMP standardized maintenance procedures across all of naval aviation, or what has been termed since the early 2000s as the entire "naval aviation enterprise". The second standardization initiative began in 1961 with the introduction of the Fleet Replacement Squadron (FRS) program.
A technician (right) performs a Guided Wave test. An example of pipeline inspection using guided wave testing (GWT). Mechanical stress wave is generated via transducer array mounted around the pipe surface. The electrical signal is driven by the portable electronic unit.
When a test fails to meet the thickness and other test requirements that are in place to ensure plane strain conditions, the fracture toughness value produced is given the designation . Fracture toughness is a quantitative way of expressing a material's resistance to crack propagation and standard values for a given material are generally ...