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Panel beaters repair body work using skills such as planishing and metalworking techniques, welding, use of putty fillers, and other skills. Accident repair may require the panel beater to repair or replace parts of a vehicle. These parts may be made from various metals including steels and alloys, many different plastics, fibreglass and others.
Hot shrinking [1] is a process in car bodyworks. [2] As the name suggests, heat will be involved, while "shrinking" is the process of straightening a metal section. This is a method of panel beating where a panel is first heated to make it softer.
Cold shrinking is a method of panel beating where heating is not done to the stretched panel. This method is mostly suitable for integral cars with integral body panels such as hatchbacks . [ 2 ] [ 4 ]
Variation in panel size and shape and 'fettling' by skilled metalworkers on the factory production line to make panels fit well used to be common practice, especially with British and Italian sports cars. Even genuine New Old Stock factory panels may require panel beating skills to fit.
Hemming presses are widely used in automotive manufacturing for the hemming of sheet-metal body components. The process uses traditional hydraulically operated ‘stamping presses’ to hem closure parts, and, being the last forming process in stamping, it largely determines the external quality of such automotive parts as doors, hoods, and trunk lids.
The plan was for Noonan to use his celestial navigation tools to keep the Electra on course and close enough ... have flown first to Fiji before boarding a 120-foot vessel for the 1,000-mile ...
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A metal surface is finished by hammering it with a planishing panel hammer or slapper file against a shaped surface called a planishing stake that is held in a vise or a mounting hole in a blacksmith's beak anvil, [2] or against hand-held, shaped, metal tools that are known as dollies or anvils. The shape of the stake or dolly has to match the ...