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The flavin group is capable of undergoing oxidation-reduction reactions, and can accept either one electron in a two-step process or two electrons at once. Reduction is made with the addition of hydrogen atoms to specific nitrogen atoms on the isoalloxazine ring system: Equilibrium between the oxidized (left) and totally reduced (right) forms ...
The flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) protein family specializes in the oxidation of xeno-substrates in order to facilitate the excretion of these compounds from living organisms. [1] These enzymes can oxidize a wide array of heteroatoms , particularly soft nucleophiles , such as amines , sulfides , and phosphites .
In biochemistry, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is a redox-active coenzyme associated with various proteins, which is involved with several enzymatic reactions in metabolism. A flavoprotein is a protein that contains a flavin group, which may be in the form of FAD or flavin mononucleotide (FMN).
Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), a redox cofactor; Flavin-containing amine oxidoreductase, a family of amine oxidases; Flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO), a protein family; Flavin containing monooxygenase 1, a human gene; Flavin containing monooxygenase 3, a human gene; Flavin group, a group of organic compounds
Flavin mononucleotide (FMN), or riboflavin-5′-phosphate, is a biomolecule produced from riboflavin (vitamin B 2) by the enzyme riboflavin kinase and functions as the prosthetic group of various oxidoreductases, including NADH dehydrogenase, as well as a cofactor in biological blue-light photo receptors. [1]
Flavoproteins have either FMN (flavin mononucleotide) or FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide) as a prosthetic group or as a cofactor. The flavin is generally tightly bound (as in adrenodoxin reductase, wherein the FAD is buried deeply). [1] About 5-10% of flavoproteins have a covalently linked FAD. [2]
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Flavin reductases are similar and often confused for ferric reductases because of their similar catalytic mechanism and structures. [4] In enzymology, a flavin reductase (EC 1.5.1.30) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. riboflavin + NADPH + H + reduced riboflavin + NADP + H +