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ISBN 9788124604274, ISBN 8124604274, OCLC 769743700 [language: Hindi, translated from 2007 English original ISBN 8124604266, ISBN 9788124604267, OCLC 636929116] Pavitra Kumāra Śarmā (2007). Tarka śāstra. Jayapura: Haṃsā Prakāśana. OCLC 309717739 [language: Hindi] Gulābarāya. Tarka śāstra. Kāśī: Nāgarīpracāriṇī Sabhā.
Vaisheshika. Vaisheshika, also Vaisesika, (Sanskrit: वैशेषिक) is one of the six Hindu schools of Indian philosophy. It came to be closely associated with the Hindu school of logic, Nyaya. Vaisheshika espouses a form of atomism and postulates that all objects in the physical universe are reducible to a finite number of atoms.
— Akṣapada Gautama in Nyaya Sutra The text is written in sutra genre. A sutra is a Sanskrit word that means "string, thread", and represents a condensed manual of knowledge of a specific field or school. Each sutra is any short rule, like a theorem distilled into few words or syllables, around which "teachings of ritual, philosophy, grammar or any field of knowledge" can be woven. Sutras ...
Logical reasoning is a mental activity that aims to arrive at a conclusion in a rigorous way. It happens in the form of inferences or arguments by starting from a set of premises and reasoning to a conclusion supported by these premises. The premises and the conclusion are propositions, i.e. true or false claims about what is the case.
Thinking, Fast and Slow is a 2011 popular science book by psychologist Daniel Kahneman . The book's main thesis is a differentiation between two modes of thought: "System 1" is fast, instinctive and emotional; "System 2" is slower, more deliberative, and more logical. The book delineates rational and non-rational motivations or triggers ...
Reason is the capacity of applying logic consciously by drawing valid conclusions from new or existing information, with the aim of seeking the truth. [ 1] It is associated with such characteristically human activities as philosophy, religion, science, language, mathematics, and art, and is normally considered to be a distinguishing ability ...
In logic and philosophy, a formal fallacy, deductive fallacy, logical fallacy or non sequitur[ 1] ( / ˌnɒn ˈsɛkwɪtər /; Latin for 'it does not follow') is a pattern of reasoning rendered invalid by a flaw in its logical structure that can neatly be expressed in a standard logic system, for example propositional logic. [ 2]
Anviksiki. Ānvīkṣikī is a term in Sanskrit denoting roughly the "science of inquiry" and it should have been recognized in India as a distinct branch of learning as early as 650 BCE. [ 1] However, over the centuries its meaning and importance have undergone considerable variations. In the earliest period, the term was used to denote Atma ...