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The position of each particular agent in the field is a result of interaction between the specific rules of the field, agent's habitus and agent's capital (social, economic and cultural). [5] Fields interact with each other, and are hierarchical: most are subordinate to the larger field of power and class relations.
The sociologist Pierre Bourdieu said that the habitus consists of the hexis, a person's carriage and speech , and the mental habits of perception, classification, appreciation, feeling, and action. [2] [3] The habitus allows the individual person to consider and resolve problems based upon gut feeling and intuition. This way of living (social ...
Cultural capital · Field · Habitus · Doxa · Reflexivity · Social capital · Symbolic capital · Symbolic violence · Practice theory Pierre Bourdieu ( UK : / b ʊər ˈ d j ɜːr / , US : / b ʊər ˈ d ( j ) uː / ; French: [pjɛʁ buʁdjø] ; 1 August 1930 – 23 January 2002) was a French sociologist and public intellectual .
Bourdieu's work attempts to reconcile structure and agency, as external structures are internalized into the habitus while the actions of the agent externalize interactions between actors into the social relationships in the field. Bourdieu's theory, therefore, is a dialectic between "externalizing the internal", and "internalizing the external".
Practices are conceptualized as "what people do," or an individual's performance carried out in everyday life. Bourdieu's theory of practice sets up a relationship between structure and the habitus and practice of the individual agent, dealing with the "relationship between the objective structures and the cognitive and motivating structures which they produce and which tend to reproduce them ...
Embodied cultural capital comprises the knowledge that is consciously acquired and passively inherited, by socialization to culture and tradition. Unlike property, cultural capital is not transmissible, but is acquired over time, as it is impressed upon the person's habitus (i.e., character and way of thinking), which, in turn, becomes more receptive to similar cultural influences.
Cultural reproduction, a concept first developed by French sociologist and cultural theorist Pierre Bourdieu, [1] [2] is the mechanisms by which existing cultural forms, values, practices, and shared understandings (i.e., norms) are transmitted from generation to generation, thereby sustaining the continuity of cultural experience across time.
The idea that one could possess symbolic capital in addition and set apart from financial capital played a critical role in Bourdieu's analysis of hierarchies of power. For example, in the process of reciprocal gift exchange in the Kabyle society of Algeria , when there is an asymmetry in wealth between the two parties, the better-endowed giver ...