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Dermatophytosis, also known as tinea and ringworm, is a fungal infection of the skin [2] (a dermatomycosis), that may affect skin, hair, and nails. [1] Typically it results in a red, itchy, scaly, circular rash. [ 1 ]
Dermatophyte test medium (DTM) is a specialized agar used in medical mycology. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is based on Sabouraud's dextrose agar with added cycloheximide to inhibit saprotrophic growth, antibiotic to inhibit bacterial growth, and phenol red a pH indicator.
A special agar called Dermatophyte Test Medium (DTM) has been formulated to grow and identify dermatophytes. [15] Without having to look at the colony, the hyphae, or macroconidia, one can identify the dermatophyte by a simple color test. The specimen (scraping from skin, nail, or hair) is embedded in the DTM culture medium.
Superficial scrapes of skin examined underneath a microscope may reveal the presence of a fungus.This is done by utilizing a diagnostic method called KOH test, [6] wherein the skin scrapings are placed on a slide and immersed on a dropful of potassium hydroxide solution to dissolve the keratin on the skin scrappings thus leaving fungal elements such as hyphae, septate or yeast cells viewable.
Tinea corporis (also known as "ringworm", [2] tinea circinata, [11] and tinea glabrosa [2]) is a superficial fungal infection (dermatophytosis) of the arms and legs, especially on glabrous skin; however, it may occur on any part of the body, it present as annular, marginated plaque with thin scale and clear center.
KOH test on a vaginal wet mount, showing slings of pseudohyphae of Candida albicans surrounded by round vaginal epithelial cells, conferring a diagnosis of candidal vulvovaginitis. The KOH test , also known as a potassium hydroxide preparation or KOH prep , is a quick, inexpensive fungal test to differentiate dermatophytes and Candida albicans ...
Extensive tinea capitis in a Polish boy. It may appear as thickened, scaly, and sometimes boggy swellings, or as expanding raised red rings ().Common symptoms are severe itching of the scalp, dandruff, and bald patches where the fungus has rooted itself in the skin.
In addition to above, an unspecific spongiotic dermatitis can be consistent with nummular dermatitis, dyshidrotic dermatitis, Id reaction, dermatophytosis, miliaria, Gianotti-Crosti syndrome and pityriasis rosea.