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A unique exemplar of a book of dream-interpretation from pre-Hellenistic Egypt, the surviving fragments were translated into English by Kasia Szpakowska. [11] Between the paws of the Sphinx, there is a stele describing how Thutmose IV restored the Sphinx as a result of a dream, on the promise of becoming a pharaoh.
Dream interpretation is the process of assigning meaning to dreams. In many ancient societies, such as those of Egypt and Greece , dreaming was considered a supernatural communication or a means of divine intervention , whose message could be interpreted by people with these associated spiritual powers.
The Dream Book, iškar d Zaqīqu (“core text of the god Zaqīqu”), is an eleven tablet compendium of oneiromancy written in Akkadian. Tablets two to nine form the manual of deductive divination, while tablets one, ten and eleven provide rituals to alleviate bad dreams. Zaqīqu, which means "spirit" or "ghost," is a name of the dream god.
Dream interpretation, practiced by the Babylonians in the third millennium BCE [4] and even earlier by the ancient Sumerians, [5] [6] figures prominently in religious texts in several traditions, and has played a lead role in psychotherapy. [7] [8] The scientific study of dreams is called oneirology. [9]
In ancient Egypt, dreams were among the items recorded in the form of hieroglyphics. In ancient Egyptian culture dream sharing had a religious context as priests doubled as dream interpreters. Those whose dreams were especially vivid or significant were thought to be blessed and were given special status in these ancient societies.
“The ancient Egyptians kept careful records of everything, which they then stored in archives,” Dulíková said. “When we find such a paper archive today, it is literally a treasure.
Her performance, and the resulting image — which has come to serve as a symbol for the historic day — was born from a recurring dream that haunted her around the time the protest movement began.
Sleep temples (also known as dream temples or Egyptian sleep temples) are regarded by some as an early instance of hypnosis over 4000 years ago, under the influence of Imhotep. Imhotep served as Chancellor and as High Priest of the sun god Ra at Heliopolis .