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Research integrity or scientific integrity is an aspect of research ethics that deals with best practice or rules of professional practice of scientists. First introduced in the 19th century by Charles Babbage , the concept of research integrity came to the fore in the late 1970s.
Falsification is manipulating research materials, equipment, or processes or changing or omitting data or results such that the research is not accurately represented in the research record. Plagiarism is the appropriation of another person's ideas, processes, results, or words without giving appropriate credit. One form is the appropriation of ...
"All methodologies, even the most obvious ones, have their limits." ―Paul Feyerabend in Against Method Philosopher of science Paul Feyerabend advanced the idea of epistemological anarchism, which holds that there are no useful and exception-free methodological rules governing the progress of science or the growth of knowledge, and that the idea that science can or should operate according to ...
Knowledge-based decision making model [1] Knowledge-Based Decision-Making (KBDM) in management is a decision-making process [2] that uses predetermined criteria to measure and ensure the optimal outcome for a specific topic. KBDM is used to make decisions by establishing a thought process and reasoning behind a decision. [3]
Research ethics is a discipline within the study of applied ethics. Its scope ranges from general scientific integrity and misconduct to the treatment of human and animal subjects. The social responsibilities of scientists and researchers are not traditionally included and are less well defined. [1] The discipline is most developed in medical ...
Empiricism, often used by natural scientists, believes that "knowledge is based on experience" and that "knowledge is tentative and probabilistic, subject to continued revision and falsification". [6] Empirical research, including experiments and validated measurement tools, guides the scientific method.
One argument for this position is based on the claim that research is not a technique but a craft that cannot be achieved by blindly following a method. In this regard, research depends on forms of creativity and improvisation to amount to good science. [14] [45] [46] Other types include inductive, deductive, and transcendental methods. [9]
She and others argue that more thought and research is needed into methods for determining where more research is needed. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Academic journal editors were banning unqualified FRIN statements as early as 1990, requiring more specific information such as what types of research were needed, and what questions they ought to address. [ 1 ]