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Capital cost. Capital costs are fixed, one-time expenses incurred on the purchase of land, buildings, construction, and equipment used in the production of goods or in the rendering of services. In other words, it is the total cost needed to bring a project to a commercially operable status. Whether a particular cost is capital or not depend on ...
The total cost of producing a specific level of output is the cost of all the factors of production. Often, economists use models with two inputs: physical capital, with quantity K and labor, with quantity L. Capital is assumed to be the fixed input, meaning that the amount of capital used does not vary with the level of production in the short ...
Appearance. Techno-economic assessment or techno-economic analysis (abbreviated TEA) is a method of analyzing the economic performance of an industrial process, product, or service. The methodology originates from earlier work on combining technical, economic and risk assessments for chemical production processes. [ 1 ]
The Cambridge capital controversy, sometimes called " the capital controversy " [ 1 ] or " the two Cambridges debate ", [ 2 ] was a dispute between proponents of two differing theoretical and mathematical positions in economics that started in the 1950s and lasted well into the 1960s. The debate concerned the nature and role of capital goods ...
Overall costs of capital projects are known to be subject to economies of scale. A crude estimate is that if the capital cost for a given sized piece of equipment is known, changing the size will change the capital cost by the 0.6 power of the capacity ratio (the point six to the power rule). [16] [d]
e. The labor theory of value (LTV) is a theory of value that argues that the exchange value of a good or service is determined by the total amount of " socially necessary labor " required to produce it. The contrasting system is typically known as the subjective theory of value. The LTV is usually associated with Marxian economics, although it ...
Cost of capital. In economics and accounting, the cost of capital is the cost of a company's funds (both debt and equity), or from an investor's point of view is "the required rate of return on a portfolio company's existing securities". [ 1 ] It is used to evaluate new projects of a company.
In economics, capital goodsor capitalare "those durable produced goods that are in turn used as productive inputsfor further production" of goods and services.[1] A typical example is the machinery used in a factory. At the macroeconomiclevel, "the nation's capital stockincludes buildings, equipment, software, and inventories during a given year."