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The bottom of a window frame sits on top of the window sill of the wall opening. [1] A window sill may span the entire width of a wall from inside to outside, as is often the case in basic masonry construction, making it visible on both the interior and exterior of the building. In such a case, the exterior window sill and interior window sill ...
In the case of windows, the bottom span is referred to as a sill, but, unlike a lintel, does not serve to bear a load to ensure the integrity of the wall. Modern-day lintels may be made using prestressed concrete and are also referred to as beams in beam-and-block slabs or as ribs in rib-and-block slabs.
Posts in walls are used at point loads such as long spans near a wide window or sliding door, etc. sleeper or nailer - a stud laid flat to other framing members to provide a point of attachment. sill - a stud sized member forming the base of a window assembly or the base of wall.
Wall framing in house construction includes the vertical and horizontal members of exterior walls and interior partitions, both of bearing walls and non-bearing walls. . These stick members, referred to as studs, wall plates and lintels (sometimes called headers), serve as a nailing base for all covering material and support the upper floor platforms, which provide the lateral strength along a
Transom windows which could be opened to provide cross-ventilation while maintaining security and privacy (due to their small size and height above floor level) were a common feature of apartments, homes, office buildings, schools, and other buildings before central air conditioning and heating became common beginning in the early-to-mid 20th century.
A window is an opening in a wall, door, roof, or vehicle that allows the exchange of light and may also allow the passage of sound and sometimes air.Modern windows are usually glazed or covered in some other transparent or translucent material, a sash set in a frame [1] in the opening; the sash and frame are also referred to as a window. [2]
The cross-section of each mullion or tracery bar was important both for the structural integrity of the window and for the visual effect. As can be seen in Viollet-le-Duc's diagram (right) there was normally a roll-moulding on both the inside and outside of the windows, which made the mullions appear even more slender than they actually were.
A mullioned window in the church of San Francesco of Lodi, Lombardy. A mullion is a vertical element that forms a division between units of a window or screen, or is used decoratively. [1] It is also often used as a division between double doors. When dividing adjacent window units