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Stress is a prominent feature of the English language, both at the level of the word (lexical stress) and at the level of the phrase or sentence (prosodic stress).Absence of stress on a syllable, or on a word in some cases, is frequently associated in English with vowel reduction – many such syllables are pronounced with a centralized vowel or with certain other vowels that are described as ...
Cardinal vowel chart showing peripheral (white) and central (blue) vowel space, based on the chart in Collins & Mees (2003:227). Phonetic reduction most often involves a mid-centralization of the vowel, that is, a reduction in the amount of movement of the tongue in pronouncing the vowel, as with the characteristic change of many unstressed vowels at the ends of English words to something ...
In phonetics, a triphthong (UK: / ˈ t r ɪ f θ ɒ ŋ, ˈ t r ɪ p θ ɒ ŋ / TRIF-thong, TRIP-thong, US: /-θ ɔː ŋ /-thawng) (from Greek τρίφθογγος triphthongos, lit. ' with three sounds ' or ' with three tones ') is a monosyllabic vowel combination involving a quick but smooth movement of the articulator from one vowel quality to another that passes over a third.
An acute on é ó indicates that the vowel is stressed and close-mid (/e o/), while grave on è ò indicates that the vowel is stressed and open-mid (/ɛ ɔ/). Grave on à and acute on í ú simply indicate that the vowels are stressed. Thus, the acute is used on close or close-mid vowels, and the grave on open or open-mid vowels. [19]
Examples of words where vowel reduction seems to be distinctive for some speakers [78] include chickaree vs. chicory (the latter has the reduced vowel of HAPPY, whereas the former has the FLEECE vowel without reduction), and Pharaoh vs. farrow (both have the GOAT vowel, but in the latter word it may reduce to [ɵ]).
Second, though synizesis has been understood as a process of desyllabification, some scholars contend that vowels that have been fused together are not truly monosyllabic. [11] Third, it is unclear whether the deletion of one of the two vowel sounds may be considered synizesis. [12] That is typically described as synalepha or elision. [13]
A diphthong (/ ˈ d ɪ f θ ɒ ŋ, ˈ d ɪ p-/ DIF-thong, DIP-; [1] from Ancient Greek δίφθογγος (díphthongos) ' two sounds ', from δίς (dís) ' twice ' and φθόγγος (phthóngos) ' sound '), also known as a gliding vowel or a vowel glide, is a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable. [2]
Consonant clusters can also originate from assimilation of a consonant with a vowel. In many Slavic languages, the combination mji, mje, mja etc. regularly gave mlji, mlje, mlja etc. Compare Russian zemlyá , which had this change, with Polish ziemia , which lacks the change, both from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źemē.