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In computing, the BIOS parameter block, often shortened to BPB, is a data structure in the volume boot record (VBR) describing the physical layout of a data storage volume. On partitioned devices, such as hard disks , the BPB describes the volume partition, whereas, on unpartitioned devices, such as floppy disks , it describes the entire medium.
The increasing popularity of Windows 3.0 made the necessity of the upper memory area less relevant, as Windows applications were not directly affected by DOS' base memory limits, but DOS programs running under Windows (with Windows itself acting as a multitasking manager) were still thus constrained.
In computing, BIOS (/ ˈ b aɪ ɒ s,-oʊ s /, BY-oss, -ohss; Basic Input/Output System, also known as the System BIOS, ROM BIOS, BIOS ROM or PC BIOS) is a type of firmware used to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs and to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup). [1]
Details of GPT support on 64-bit editions of Microsoft Windows [31] OS version Release date Platform Read and write support Boot support Note Windows XP 64-Bit Edition for Itanium systems, Version 2002 2001-10-25 IA-64: Yes Yes MBR takes precedence in hybrid configuration. Windows XP 64-Bit Edition, Version 2003 2003-03-28 IA-64: Yes Yes
Nonvolatile BIOS memory refers to a small memory on PC motherboards that is used to store BIOS settings. It is traditionally called CMOS RAM because it uses a volatile, low-power complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) SRAM (such as the Motorola MC146818 [1] or similar) powered by a small battery when system and standby power is off. [2]
It is the fastest and most flexible cache organization that uses an associative memory. The associative memory stores both the address and content of the memory word. [further explanation needed] In the boot process of some computers, a memory map may be passed on from the firmware to instruct an operating system kernel about memory layout. It ...
None of the FreeDOS memory managers (HIMEMX.EXE, JEMM386.EXE, JEMMEX.EXE) implement the GEMMIS API and Windows fails to start when running in conjunction with JEMMxxx since Windows fails to take over the memory management role. Windows ME, Windows 98, Windows 95, Windows for Workgroups 3.1x, and Windows 3.xx, all will fail with JEMMxxx ...
The MRC is part of reference BIOS code, which relates to memory initialization in the BIOS. It includes information about memory settings, frequency, timing, driving and detailed operations of the memory controller. The MRC is written in a C-language code, which can be edited and compiled by board makers. It provides a space to develop advanced ...