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Test rotation of the thoracic and lumbar spine. Gently hold the patient's hips still and ask them to: "Turn your shoulders round as far as you can to the left, then do the same to the right." Test lateral flexion of the thoracic and lumbar spine: "Stand up straight and then slide the palm of your right hand down your thigh towards your knee ...
The cervico-thoracic ratio (CTR) is a method developed by Norlander et al. [1] for measuring segmental mobility in the spine between the C7 vertebra and the T5 vertebra in flexion. [2] The method has been developed to fulfil clinical demands of quick examinations.
Middle back pain, also known as thoracic back pain, is back pain that is felt in the region of the thoracic vertebrae, which are between the bottom of the neck and top of the lumbar spine. It has a number of potential causes, ranging from muscle strain to collapse of a vertebra or rare serious diseases.
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While AS can be diagnosed through the description of radiological changes in the sacroiliac joints and spine, there are currently no direct tests (blood or imaging) to unambiguously diagnose early forms of ankylosing spondylitis (non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis). Diagnosis of non-radiologic axial spondyloarthritis is therefore more ...
The current version was published in the journal Spine in 2000. [2] [3] Four versions of the ODI are available in English and nine in other languages. Some published versions contain misprints, and many omit the scoring system. [4]
thoracic outlet syndrome Adson's sign is the loss of the radial pulse in the arm by rotating head to the ipsilateral side with extended neck following deep inspiration. It is sometimes used as a sign of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS). [ 1 ]
The slump test consists of several different steps: [citation needed] First, the patient slumps forward, rounding the shoulders [1] so the examiner will then apply pressure to the trunk flexion. Next, the patient brings chin to chest and the knee is then actively extended. Afterwards, the ankle is dorsiflexed. If pain is produced during any of ...