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Within an imperative programming language, a control flow statement is a statement that results in a choice being made as to which of two or more paths to follow. For non-strict functional languages, functions and language constructs exist to achieve the same result, but they are usually not termed control flow statements.
Example of branch table in Wikibooks for IBM S/360; Examples of, and arguments for, Jump Tables via Function Pointer Arrays in C/C++; Example code generated by 'Switch/Case' branch table in C, versus IF/ELSE. Example code generated for array indexing if structure size is divisible by powers of 2 or otherwise.
[a] Branch (or branching, branched) may also refer to the act of switching execution to a different instruction sequence as a result of executing a branch instruction. Branch instructions are used to implement control flow in program loops and conditionals (i.e., executing a particular sequence of instructions only if certain conditions are ...
Here, there are two successive goto fail statements. In the syntax of the C language, the second is unconditional, and hence always skips the call to SSLHashSHA1.final. As a consequence, err will hold the status of the SHA1 update operation, and signature verification will never fail. [5] Here, the unreachable code is the call to the final ...
Gcov is a source code coverage analysis and statement-by-statement profiling tool. Gcov generates exact counts of the number of times each statement in a program is executed and annotates source code to add instrumentation. Gcov comes as a standard utility with the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) suite. [1]
Conditional branching statements allow a sequence of statements to be executed only if some condition is met. Otherwise, the statements are skipped and the execution sequence continues from the statement following them. Unconditional branching statements allow an execution sequence to be transferred to another part of a program.
For ordered data this translates to a performance loss compared to a predictable branch. [4] Predication is most effective when paths are balanced or when the longest path is the most frequently executed, [3] but determining such a path is very difficult at compile time, even in the presence of profiling information.
A combination of state variables and structured control, notably an overall switch statement, can allow a subroutine to resume execution at an arbitrary point on subsequent calls, and is a structured alternative to goto statements in the absence of coroutines; this is a common idiom in C, for example.