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Pathophysiology of factor V Leiden gene mutation. Factor V Leiden is an autosomal dominant genetic condition that exhibits incomplete penetrance, i.e. not every person who has the mutation develops the disease. The condition results in a factor V variant that cannot be as easily degraded by activated protein C.
Warfarin-induced skin necrosis is a condition in which skin and subcutaneous tissue necrosis (tissue death) occurs due to acquired protein C deficiency following treatment with anti-vitamin K anticoagulants (4-hydroxycoumarins, such as warfarin). [1] Warfarin necrosis is a rare but severe complication of treatment with warfarin or related ...
Human Chr 3. In terms of the cause of protein S deficiency it can be in inherited via autosomal dominance.A mutation in the PROS1 gene triggers the condition. The cytogenetic location of the gene in question is chromosome 3, specifically 3q11.1 [6] [7] Protein S deficiency can also be acquired due to vitamin K deficiency, treatment with warfarin, liver disease, kidney disease, chemotherapy ...
Factor V Leiden is an inherited blood clotting disorder. It can cause life-threatening clots in the body and complications during pregnancy.
Coagulation factor V (Factor V), also less commonly known as proaccelerin or labile factor, is a protein involved in coagulation, encoded, in humans, by F5 gene. [5] In contrast to most other coagulation factors, it is not enzymatically active but functions as a cofactor . [ 5 ]
The defect was called factor V Leiden, as genetic abnormalities are typically named after the place where they are discovered. [51] Two years later, the same group described a common mutation in the prothrombin gene that caused elevation of prothrombin levels and a mild increase in thrombosis risk. [4] [5] [52]
The best known and most common hereditary form is Factor V Leiden, which is responsible for more than 95% of cases. [5] Other genetic causes include Factor V Cambridge (VThr306) and the factor V HR2 haplotype (A4070G mutation). [5] [6] Acquired forms of APC resistance occur in the presence of elevated Factor VIII concentrations.
The mechanism behind RVT is no different from other types of blood clots in other parts of the body. Rudolf Virchow, was the first to describe the physiological mechanism behind venous thrombosis (blood clots) using three related factors, known as Virchow's Triad; damage to the blood vessel (endothelial damage), decrease in blood flow (stasis) and increased coagulability of the blood ...