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Siphonocladus tropicus showing segregative cell division. Siphonocladus is a small genus of green algae in the family Siphonocladaceae. [1] [2] The algal body is composed of long, club-shaped cells that divide by segregative cell division, followed by the formation of branches that break through the mother cell.
Caulerpa is coenocytic, meaning it has a multinucleate thallus organization. It is also siphonous, meaning unlike other algae, the thallus and the nuclei are not separated by cell walls. They are instead one long mass of protoplasm surrounded by a single cell wall. [12]
A kelp, for example, may have its thallus divided into three regions. The parts of a kelp thallus include the holdfast (anchor), stipe (supports the blades) and the blades (for photosynthesis). [2] The thallus of a fungus is usually called a mycelium. The term thallus is also commonly used to refer to the vegetative body of a lichen.
Ectocarpus is a genus of filamentous brown alga that includes a model organism for the genomics of multicellularity. [1] [2] Among possible model organisms in the brown algae, Ectocarpus was selected for the relatively small size of its mature thallus and the speed with which it completes its life cycle.
The thallus is filamentous, highly branched, and may be packed into a mass. It is coenocytic , having multi-nucleate cells consisting of cytoplasm contained within a cylindrical cell wall . There are no septae , and the many discoid chloroplasts, nuclei and other organelles are free to move through the organism.
Male conceptacles tend not to sit as deep within the thallus as female conceptacles; their size is similar although their shape tends to differ. [8] Cells within circular regions within the perithallus lengthen to form sexual conceptacles, [ 8 ] leaving long, wefty cells around the walls of the conceptacle. [ 14 ]
The primary thallus is composed of small, overlapping scales, while the secondary thallus (which supports the lichen's fruiting structures) is fruticose in appearance. [21] These secondary thalli, which are known as podetia , can be branched, spike-like or cup-shaped. [ 6 ]
Several kelp laminae. The lamina or blade in macroscopic algae, like seaweed, is a generally flattened structure that typically forms the principal bulk of the thallus. [1] It is often developed into specialised organs such as flotation bladders and reproductive organs.