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Actinomycosis occurs rarely in humans, but rather frequently in cattle as a disease called "lumpy jaw". This name refers to the large abscesses that grow on the head and neck of the infected animal. It can also rarely affect sheep, swine, horses, dogs, and other mammals.
bovine actinomycosis, 3-year-old bull, 2-month evolution bony swelling of the right maxillae thick matter (top) and old fistulous granulomas. Actinomycosis is an infection caused by a bacterium of the genus Actinomyces, usually Actinomyces bovis; the disease it causes has several common names. When it is a moveable tumour or lump on the jaw ...
Actinomycosis is pathognomonic for abscesses containing "sulfur" granules, and its colonies appear basophilic with club-shaped reaction products on a histological preparation. [6] [7] Lumpy jaw is commonly treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics with varying success, [8] and can be a major economic loss for producers in countries where it is ...
In 1877, he described the etiologic agent of bovine actinomycosis ("lumpy jaw"), an organism that is now referred to as Actinomyces bovis. [3] He is credited with describing the inclusion bodies found in tissue cells in fowlpox. These bodies contain the fowlpox virus and are now referred to as Bollinger bodies.
The genus is typically the cause of oral-cervicofacial disease. It is characterized by a painless "lumpy jaw". Lymphadenopathy is uncommon in this form of the disease. Another form of actinomycosis is thoracic disease, which is often misdiagnosed as a neoplasm, as it forms a mass that extends to the chest wall.
Actinomyces and its associated species have, for a long time, been implicated in human infections, particularly those of the mouth, pharynx, distal esophagus, and genitourinary tract. [9] Within the last 10 years, A. massiliensis has been detected in blood, and most Actinomyces bacteremias stem from oral sources. [ 9 ]
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The Actinomycetaceae (often called actinomycetes or mycelial bacteria) are a family of bacteria in the order Actinomycetales that contains the medically important genus Actinomyces. These organisms are closely related to the mycobacteria, but were originally classified as fungi because they were thought to be transitional forms between bacteria ...