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  2. Prevalence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prevalence

    Lifetime prevalence (LTP) is the proportion of individuals in a population that at some point in their life (up to the time of assessment) have experienced a "case" (e.g., a disease, a traumatic event, or, a behavior, such as committing a crime). Often, a 12-month prevalence (or some other type of "period prevalence") is provided in conjunction ...

  3. Pooled analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pooled_analysis

    A pooled analysis is a statistical technique for combining the results of multiple epidemiological studies. It is one of three types of literature reviews frequently used in epidemiology, along with meta-analysis and traditional narrative reviews .

  4. Risk–benefit ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk–benefit_ratio

    A risk–benefit ratio (or benefit-risk ratio) is the ratio of the risk of an action to its potential benefits. Risk–benefit analysis (or benefit-risk analysis) is analysis that seeks to quantify the risk and benefits and hence their ratio. Analyzing a risk can be heavily dependent on the human factor.

  5. Cross-sectional study - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-sectional_study

    In medical research, epidemiology, social science, and biology, a cross-sectional study (also known as a cross-sectional analysis, transverse study, prevalence study) is a type of observational study that analyzes data from a population, or a representative subset, at a specific point in time—that is, cross-sectional data. [definition needed]

  6. Longitudinal study - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longitudinal_study

    The research potential is considerable. The SLS is a replica of the ONS Longitudinal Study but with a few key differences: sample size, commencement point and the inclusion of certain variables. The SLS is supported and maintained by the SLS Development & Support Unit with a safe-setting at the National Records of Scotland in Edinburgh.

  7. Decision curve analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision_curve_analysis

    Example decision curve analysis graph with two predictors. A decision curve analysis graph is drawn by plotting threshold probability on the horizontal axis and net benefit on the vertical axis, illustrating the trade-offs between benefit (true positives) and harm (false positives) as the threshold probability (preference) is varied across a range of reasonable threshold probabilities.

  8. Number needed to treat - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Number_needed_to_treat

    NNT may vary substantially over time, [9] [10] and hence convey different information as a function of the specific time-point of its calculation. Snapinn and Jiang [ 11 ] showed examples where the information conveyed by the NNT may be incomplete or even contradictory compared to the traditional statistics of interest in survival analysis.

  9. Value of life - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_of_life

    Estimates for the value of a life are used to compare the life-saving and risk-reduction benefits of new policies, regulations, and projects against a variety of other factors, [2] often using a cost-benefit analysis. [3] Estimates for the statistical value of life are published and used in practice by various government agencies.