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2. Sapphire - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapphire

   Cermax xenon arc lamp with synthetic sapphire output window Wristwatch with synthetic sapphire watch crystal. Synthetic sapphire—also referred to as sapphire glass—is commonly used for small windows, because it is both highly transparent to wavelengths of light between 150 nm and 5500 nm (the visible spectrum extends about 380 nm to 750 nm ...

3. Jewel bearing - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewel_bearing

   It is usually made of synthetic sapphire or ruby, press-fit into a hole in the movement's supporting plate (grey). The cup-shaped depression in the top of the jewel is the oil cup; its purpose is to hold the lubricating oil (yellow) in contact with the bearing shaft by capillary action.

4. Watch - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watch

   Acrylic glass is the lowest cost of these materials, so it is used in practically all low-cost watches. Mineral crystal: a tempered glass. Sapphire-coated mineral crystal; Synthetic sapphire crystal: the most scratch-resistant; it is difficult to cut and polish, causing watch crystals made of sapphire to be the most expensive. The bezel is the ...

5. Gemstone - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstone

   Group of precious and semiprecious stones—both uncut and faceted—including (clockwise from top left) diamond, uncut synthetic sapphire, ruby, uncut emerald, and amethyst crystal cluster. A gemstone (also called a fine gem , jewel , precious stone , semiprecious stone , or simply gem ) is a piece of mineral crystal which, when cut or ...

6. Corundum - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corundum

   Corundum is a crystalline form of aluminium oxide (Al 2 O 3) typically containing traces of iron, titanium, vanadium, and chromium. [3] [4] It is a rock-forming mineral.It is a naturally transparent material, but can have different colors depending on the presence of transition metal impurities in its crystalline structure. [7]

7. List of sapphires by size - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sapphires_by_size

   Because of the remarkable hardness of sapphires – 9 on the Mohs scale (the third hardest mineral, after diamond at 10 and moissanite at 9.5) – sapphires are also used in some non-ornamental applications, such as infrared optical components, high-durability windows, wristwatch crystals and movement bearings, and very thin electronic wafers ...