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The percutaneous CVC is inserted directly through the skin. The subclavian (left), internal (right) or external jugular, or femoral vein is used. There are several types of central venous catheters; these can be further subdivided by site (where the catheter is inserted into the body) as well as the specific type of catheter used. [39]
The internal jugular vein is a paired jugular vein that collects blood from the brain and the superficial parts of the face and neck. This vein runs in the carotid sheath with the common carotid artery and vagus nerve. It begins in the posterior compartment of the jugular foramen, at the base of the skull.
Catheter access, sometimes called a CVC (central venous catheter), consists of a plastic catheter with two lumens (or occasionally two separate catheters) which is inserted into a large vein (usually the vena cava, via the internal jugular vein or the femoral vein) to allow large flows of blood to be withdrawn from one lumen, to enter the dialysis circuit, and to be returned via the other lumen.
Common site of catheter placement is placed by puncturing the right internal jugular vein (IJV) in the neck, advancing into superior vena cava (SVC) towards the right atrium of the heart due to its straightforward path into the SVC. Alternatively, a SVC catheter can be inserted via the right external jugular vein (EJV) if right IJV is ...
The left and right external jugular veins drain into the subclavian veins. The internal jugular veins join with the subclavian veins more medially to form the brachiocephalic veins . Finally, the left and right brachiocephalic veins join to form the superior vena cava , which delivers deoxygenated blood to the right atrium of the heart. [ 2 ]
Left ovarian vein; Left testicular vein; Right suprarenal vein; Right ovarian vein; Right testicular vein. Pampiniform plexus; Common iliac vein. Median sacral vein; Iliolumbar vein; Internal iliac vein. Superior gluteal veins; Inferior gluteal veins; Obturator veins; Lateral sacral veins; Vesical veins; Middle rectal veins; Internal pudendal ...
The catheter is introduced into the vein by a needle (similar to blood drawing), which is subsequently removed while the small plastic cannula remains in place. The catheter is then fixed by taping it to the patient's skin or using an adhesive dressing. A peripheral venous catheter is the most commonly used vascular access in medicine.
Sublingual vein; Suboccipital venous plexus; Superficial cerebral veins; Superficial temporal vein; Superficial veins of the brain; Superior anastomotic vein; Superior cerebral veins; Superior labial vein; Superior laryngeal vein; Superior ophthalmic vein; Superior petrosal sinus; Superior sagittal sinus; Superior thalamostriate vein; Superior ...
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