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  2. Essence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essence

    Essence (Latin: essentia) has various meanings and uses for different thinkers and in different contexts.It is used in philosophy and theology as a designation for the property or set of properties or attributes that make an entity the entity it is or, expressed negatively, without which it would lose its identity.

  3. Quiddity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quiddity

    The term "quiddity" derives from the Latin word quidditas, which was used by the medieval scholastics as a literal translation of the equivalent term in Aristotle's Greek to ti ên einai (τὸ τί ἦν εἶναι) [2] or "the what it was to be (a given thing)".

  4. Ousia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ousia

    The term οὐσία is an Ancient Greek noun, formed on the feminine present participle of the verb εἰμί, eimí, meaning "to be, I am", so similar grammatically to the English noun "being". There was no equivalent grammatical formation in Latin , and it was translated as essentia or substantia .

  5. Subject and object (philosophy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subject_and_object...

    The second definition holds that an object is an entity experienced. The second definition differs from the first one in that the second definition allows for a subject to be an object at the same time. [3] One approach to defining an object is in terms of its properties and relations. Descriptions of all bodies, minds, and persons must be in ...

  6. Essentialism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essentialism

    Essentialism is the view that objects have a set of attributes that are necessary to their identity. [1] In early Western thought, Platonic idealism held that all things have such an "essence"—an "idea" or "form".

  7. List of glossing abbreviations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_glossing_abbreviations

    [optional in place of period] when the language of the gloss lacks a one-word translation, a phrase may be joined by underscores, e.g., Turkish çık-mak (come_out-INF) "to come out" With some authors, the reverse is also true, for a two-word phrase glossed with a single word. [2] [21] › >, →, :

  8. Grammaticalization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammaticalization

    One is found in the development of Irish Gaelic with the origin of the first-person-plural pronoun muid (a function word) from the inflectional suffix -mid (as in táimid 'we are') because of a reanalysis based on the verb-pronoun order of the other persons of the verb. [29] Another well-known example is the degrammaticalization of the North ...

  9. Principal parts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principal_parts

    In Latin, most verbs have four principal parts.For example, the verb for "to carry" is given as portō – portāre – portāvī – portātum, where portō is the first-person singular present active indicative ("I carry"), portāre is the present active infinitive ("to carry"), portāvī is the first-person singular perfect active indicative ("I carried"), and portātum is the neuter supine.