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Northumberland, as its boundaries are today, shown here within England. Northumberland, England's northernmost county, is a land where Roman occupiers once guarded a walled frontier, Anglian invaders fought with Celtic natives, and Norman lords built castles to suppress rebellion and defend a contested border with Scotland.
The Umfraville family were Anglo-Norman landowners, administrators and soldiers who were prominent from about 1120 to 1437 on the northern border of England, where they held the strategic lordships of Prudhoe and Redesdale in Northumberland. They held, for the English Crown, Tynedale to the Cumbrian Border up to the border with Scotland.
In 1318 the king appointed a custodian of priory fortifications. In February 1390 Richard II, John of Gaunt, and Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland, all paid large sums of money towards Tynemouth's defences and soon construction of a gatehouse began in the middle of the aforementioned embankment which was complete by the early 15th century.
There are 1437 scheduled monuments in the county of Northumberland, England. [1] These protected sites date in some cases from the Neolithic period, and include barrows, medieval settlements, ruined abbeys, castles, and Roman forts. [2]
Lindisfarne, also known as Holy Island, is a tidal island off the northeast coast of England, which constitutes the civil parish of Holy Island in Northumberland. [3] Holy Island has a recorded history from the 6th century AD; it was an important centre of Celtic Christianity under Saints Aidan, Cuthbert, Eadfrith, and Eadberht of Lindisfarne.
Bamburgh Castle, on the northeast coast of England, by the village of Bamburgh in Northumberland, is a Grade I listed building. [2]The site was originally the location of a Celtic Brittonic fort known as Din Guarie and may have been the capital of the kingdom of Bernicia from its foundation c. 420 to 547.
The castle was founded when Ranulf Flambard, Bishop of Durham from 1099 to 1128, gave orders for its construction in 1121 in order to protect the property of the bishopric in north Northumberland from incursions by the Scots. In 1136 David I of Scotland invaded Northumberland and captured the castle. It was soon handed back to the bishopric but ...
This timeline summarises significant events in the history of Northumbria and Northumberland. 500 559 – Ida of Bernicia is the first known King of Bernicia ; he reigned from 547 to 559. 588 – The first king of Deira was Ælla of Deira who ruled from 560 until his death in 588. 600 604 – Aethelfrith unites Bernicia and Deira to form Northumbria. 613 – Æthelfrith engaged in the Battle ...