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Allen's rule - Hare and its ears on the Earth [1]. Allen's rule is an ecogeographical rule formulated by Joel Asaph Allen in 1877, [2] [3] broadly stating that animals adapted to cold climates have shorter and thicker limbs and bodily appendages than animals adapted to warm climates.
It is thought that adaptations to cold temperatures (cold-eurythermy) in animals, despite the high cost of functional adaptation, has allowed for mobility and agility.. This cold eurythermy is also viewed as a near necessity for survival of the evolutionary crises, including ice ages, that occur with relative frequency over the evolutionary times
In Siberia, annual temperatures fluctuate between +38 and −70 °C (100 and −94 °F) and winter may last for 8 months. [7] Yakutian horses are kept unstabled year-round, and in the roughly 800 years that they have been present in Siberia, they have evolved a range of remarkable morphologic, metabolic and physiologic adaptations to this harsh environment.
At least six major areas of cryobiology can be identified: 1) study of cold-adaptation of microorganisms, plants (cold hardiness), and animals, both invertebrates and vertebrates (including hibernation), 2) cryopreservation of cells, tissues, gametes, and embryos of animal and human origin for (medical) purposes of long-term storage by cooling to temperatures below the freezing point of water.
This increases their ability to conserve heat. Layers of fat, plumage, and fur also act as insulators to help retain warmth and are common in Arctic animals including polar bears and marine mammals. Some animals also have digestive adaptations to improve their ability to digest woody plants either with or without the aid of microbial organisms.
NASA scientists in Greenland took an unprecedented look at Cold War history when surveys found an abandoned "city under the ice.". In April, two scientists surveying the Greenland Ice Sheet found ...
Cold War History is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering the history of the Cold War. It was established in 2000 and is published by Routledge. The editors-in-chief are Bastiaan Bouwman (London School of Economics and Political Science) and Lindsay Aqui (University of London).
Here’s a look at how people and animals around the world are trying to beat the extreme heat. A polar bear cools down in ice that was brought to its enclosure on a hot and sunny day at the zoo ...