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As a result, Lower Canada and Upper Canada, with its enormous debt, were united in 1840, and French was banned in the legislature for about eight years. Eight years later, an elected and responsible government was granted. By this time, the French-speaking majority of Lower Canada had become a political minority in a unified Canada.
The Constitution Act, 1867 (French: Loi constitutionnelle de 1867), [1] originally enacted as the British North America Act, 1867 (BNA Act), is a major part of the Constitution of Canada. The act created a federal dominion and defines much of the operation of the Government of Canada , including its federal structure , the House of Commons ...
The term "Dominion of Canada" was used in some subsequent constitutional amendments, such as the Constitution Act, 1871, but the term fell out of use in the 1950s. In the final British statute relating to Canada, the Canada Act 1982 which achieved Patriation, only the name "Canada" is used. [20]
Canadian Confederation (French: Confédération canadienne) was the process by which three British North American provinces—the Province of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick—were united into one federation, called the Dominion of Canada, on July 1, 1867.
Canada's constitution has roots going back to the thirteenth century, including England's Magna Carta and the first English Parliament of 1275. [19] Canada's constitution is composed of several individual statutes. There are three general methods by which a statute becomes entrenched in the Constitution:
The Constitution of Canada is a large number of documents that have been entrenched in the constitution by various means. Regardless of how documents became entrenched, together those documents form the supreme law of Canada; no non-constitutional law may conflict with them, and none of them may be changed without following the amending formula given in Part V of the Constitution Act, 1982.
The Constitution Act, 1982, via the Canada Act 1982, made Canada completely independent of the United Kingdom, removing the requirement to involve the British parliament in amending the Canadian constitution. October 12, 1984 The International Court of Justice decided the maritime border with the United States in the Gulf of Maine. [60]
The Dauphin Map of Canada, c. 1543, showing the areas Cartier visited. Newfoundland is near the upper right; Florida and the Bahamas are at lower left. While a variety of theories have been postulated for the name of Canada, its origin is now accepted as coming from the St. Lawrence Iroquoian word kanata, meaning 'village' or 'settlement'. [1]