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  2. Chlorine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorine

    Evaporation under reduced pressure allows it to be concentrated further to about 40%, but then it decomposes to perchloric acid, chlorine, oxygen, water, and chlorine dioxide. Its most important salt is sodium chlorate, mostly used to make chlorine dioxide to bleach paper pulp. The decomposition of chlorate to chloride and oxygen is a common ...

  3. Chloride - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride

    Chloride has a major physiological significance, [11] which includes regulation of osmotic pressure, electrolyte balance and acid-base homeostasis. Chloride is present in all body fluids, [12] and is the most abundant extracellular anion which accounts for around one third of extracellular fluid's tonicity. [13] [14]

  4. Salt (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_(chemistry)

    Salts that produce hydroxide ions when dissolved in water are called alkali salts, and salts that produce hydrogen ions when dissolved in water are called acid salts. If the compound is the result of a reaction between a strong acid and a weak base , the result is an acid salt .

  5. Leveling effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leveling_effect

    When a strong acid is dissolved in water, it reacts with it to form hydronium ion (H 3 O +). [2] An example of this would be the following reaction, where "HA" is the strong acid: HA + H 2 O → A − + H 3 O + Any acid that is stronger than H 3 O + reacts with H 2 O to form H 3 O +. Therefore, no acid stronger than H 3 O + exists in H 2 O.

  6. Conjugate (acid-base theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugate_(acid-base_theory)

    An example of this case would be the splitting of hydrochloric acid HCl in water. Since HCl is a strong acid (it splits up to a large extent), its conjugate base (Cl −) will be weak. Therefore, in this system, most H + will be hydronium ions H 3 O + instead of attached to Cl − anions and the conjugate bases will be weaker than water molecules.

  7. Aqueous solution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqueous_solution

    The first solvation shell of a sodium ion dissolved in water. An aqueous solution is a solution in which the solvent is water. It is mostly shown in chemical equations by appending (aq) to the relevant chemical formula. For example, a solution of table salt, also known as sodium chloride (NaCl), in water would be represented as Na + (aq) + Cl ...

  8. Alkalinity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkalinity

    Conversely, the addition of acid converts weak acid anions to CO 2 and continuous addition of strong acids can cause the alkalinity to become less than zero. [12] For example, the following reactions take place during the addition of acid to a typical seawater solution: B(OH) − 4 + H + → B(OH) 3 + H 2 O OH − + H + → H 2 O PO 3− 4 + 2 ...

  9. Electrolyte - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolyte

    Electrolytic cell producing chlorine (Cl 2) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) from a solution of common salt. For example, in a solution of ordinary table salt (sodium chloride, NaCl) in water, the cathode reaction will be 2 H 2 O + 2e − → 2 OH − + H 2. and hydrogen gas will bubble up; the anode reaction is 2 NaCl → 2 Na + + Cl 2 + 2e −