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The inscription is in Brahmi script, and is significant because it mentions that it was made in Year 116 of the Yavanarajya ("Kingdom of the Yavanas"), and proves the existence of a "Yavana era" in ancient India. [7] It may mean that Mathura was a part of a Yavana dominion, probably Indo-Greek, at the time the inscription was created. [3]
The Art of Mathura refers to a particular school of Indian art, almost entirely surviving in the form of sculpture, starting in the 2nd century BCE, which centered on the city of Mathura, in central northern India, during a period in which Buddhism, Jainism together with Hinduism flourished in India. [5]
The Northern Satraps were probably displaced by, or became vassals of, the Kushans from the time of Vima Kadphises, who is known to have ruled in Mathura in 90–100 CE, and they are known to have acted as Satraps and Great Satraps in the Mathura region for his successor Kanishka (127–150 CE).
The Lakulisha Mathura pillar inscription consists of horizontal lines across five zones of the pilaster over about 2.25 feet (0.69 m) by 1.5 feet (0.46 m) surface area. The pillar's top and bottom sections are squares, the middle is an octagon. [7] The pillar is smooth on just one top face, one bottom face and five of the eight middle faces.
An inscription in Mathura discovered in 1988 mentions "The last day of year 116 of Yavana hegemony (Yavanarajya)", also attesting presence of the Indo-Greeks in the 2nd century BCE. The inscription would date to the 116th year of the Yavana era (thought to start in 186–185 BCE) which would give it a date of 70 or 69 BCE. [3]
The Mathura lion capital is an Indo-Scythian sandstone capital (a part of a pillar) from Mathura in Northern India, dated to the first decade of the 1st century CE (1–10 CE). [1] It was consecrated under the rule of Rajuvula , one of the Northern Satraps of the region of Mathura .
Krishna defeats his uncle Kamsa, the evil king of Mathura, at Mathura. Mathura ( 27°27′N 77°43′E / 27.45°N 77.72°E / 27.45; 77.72 ), Uttar Pradesh located on the right bank of the Yamuna River in the district headquarters of Mathura district, also called Mathura Mandala or Braj Bhoomi , is considered the heart of Indian culture
Another theory has been proposed by Heinrich Luders. Based on analysis of 10th to 12th century Jaina texts, Luders proposed that Vrishnis may have roots in Jainism, noting the co-existence of the Jain and Vrishni-related archaeological findings in Mathura, and the strength of Jainism at that time in Mathura. [13]