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In human anatomy, the sacral plexus is a nerve plexus which provides motor and sensory nerves for the posterior thigh, most of the lower leg and foot, and part of the pelvis. It is part of the lumbosacral plexus and emerges from the lumbar vertebrae and sacral vertebrae (L4-S4). [ 1 ]
It is a branch of the sacral plexus. It supplies the skin of the posterior surface of the thigh , leg , buttock , and also the perineum . Unlike most nerves termed "cutaneous" which are subcutaneous, only the terminal branches of this nerve pass into subcutaneous tissue before being distributed to the skin, with most of the nerve itself ...
The posterior divisions of the sacral nerves are small and diminish in size as they move downward; they emerge, except the last, through the posterior sacral foramina.In some rare cases these nerves break and cause the person's legs to become weak and eventually wither away under the person's weight.
It is the largest branch of the sacral plexus and runs alongside the hip joint and down the right lower limb. It is the longest and widest single nerve in the human body, going from the top of the leg to the foot on the posterior aspect. The sciatic nerve has no cutaneous branches for the thigh.
The cervical plexus innervates muscles of the neck and areas of skin on the head, neck and chest. The deep branches innervate muscles, while the superficial branches supply areas of skin. A long branch (primarily of fibers of C4 and with contributions of fibers from C3 and C5; nervus phrenicus) innervates muscles of the diaphragm.
The superior gluteal nerve is a mixed (motor and sensory) nerve of the sacral plexus that originates in the pelvis. It provides motor innervation to the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae latae, and piriformis muscles; it also has a cutaneous branch.
The anterior divisions of the lumbar nerves, sacral nerves, and coccygeal nerve form the lumbosacral plexus, the first lumbar nerve being frequently joined by a branch from the twelfth thoracic. For descriptive purposes this plexus is usually divided into three parts: lumbar plexus; sacral plexus; pudendal plexus
English: An (admittedly extremely rough) schematic of the sacral plexus based on "Netter, Frank (2011) Atlas of Human Anatomy, Saunders Elsevier, pp. 487 ISBN: 978-1-4160-5951-6. " or equivalently the reproduction at this site.