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Amine. In chemistry, amines (/ ə ˈ m iː n, ˈ æ m iː n /, [1] [2] UK also / ˈ eɪ m iː n / [3]) are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair.Formally, amines are derivatives of ammonia (NH 3 (in which the bond angle between the nitrogen and hydrogen is 107°), wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an ...
Its main use is in the manufacture of precursors to polyurethane, dyes, and other industrial chemicals. Like most volatile amines, it has the odor of rotten fish. It ignites readily, burning with a smoky flame characteristic of aromatic compounds. [7] It is toxic to humans. Relative to benzene, aniline is "electron-rich".
Ethylamine like some other small primary amines is a good solvent for lithium metal, giving the ion [Li(amine) 4] + and the solvated electron. Such solutions are used for the reduction of unsaturated organic compounds , such as naphthalenes [ 11 ] and alkynes .
General structure of an amine oxide. In chemistry, an amine oxide, also known as an amine N-oxide or simply N-oxide, is a chemical compound that has the chemical formula R 3 N + −O −. It contains a nitrogen-oxygen coordinate covalent bond with three additional hydrogen and/or substituent-groups attached to nitrogen.
The high energy electronic state, 2 A 1, has the two electrons in the p-orbital and the unpaired electron in the sp 2 orbital (σ type radical). [4] [5] Nitrogen centered compounds, such as amines, are nucleophilic in nature. This character is also seen in amino radicals, which can be considered to be nucleophilic species. [4] [5]
Morpholine undergoes most chemical reactions typical for other secondary amines, though the presence of the ether oxygen withdraws electron density from the nitrogen, rendering it less nucleophilic (and less basic) than structurally similar secondary amines such as piperidine. For this reason, it forms a stable chloramine. [10]
In organic chemistry, an aromatic amine is an organic compound consisting of an aromatic ring attached to an amine. It is a broad class of compounds that encompasses anilines , but also many more complex aromatic rings and many amine substituents beyond NH 2 .
The degraded amine is no longer able to capture CO 2, which decreases the overall carbon capture efficiency. [12] Currently, a variety of amine mixtures are being synthesized and tested to achieve a more desirable set of overall properties for use in CO 2 capture systems. One major focus is on lowering the energy required for solvent ...