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Interior of a Boeing/Stearman PT-17 showing small channel section stringers. In engineering, a longeron or stringer is a load-bearing component of a framework. The term is commonly used in connection with aircraft fuselages and automobile chassis. Longerons are used in conjunction with stringers to form structural frameworks. [1]
The "former-and-longeron" technique (also called stations and stringers) was adopted from boat construction, [2] and was typical of light aircraft built until the advent of structural skins, such as fiberglass and other composite materials. Many of today's light aircraft, and homebuilt aircraft [3] in particular, are still designed in this way.
The British ARV Super2 light aircraft has a fuselage constructed mainly of aluminium alloy, but with some fibreglass elements. The cockpit is a stiff monocoque of "Supral" alloy, but aft of the cockpit bulkhead, the ARV is conventionally built, with frames, longerons and stressed skin forming a semi-monocoque.
A typical metal spar in a general aviation aircraft usually consists of a sheet aluminium spar web, with L- or T-shaped spar caps being welded or riveted to the top and bottom of the sheet to prevent buckling under applied loads. Larger aircraft using this method of spar construction may have the spar caps sealed to provide integral fuel tanks.
The CL-1201 design project studied a nuclear-powered aircraft of extreme size, with a wingspan of 1,120 feet (340 m). [4] Had it been built, it would have had the largest wingspan of any airplane to date, [5] and certainly more than twice that of any aircraft of the 20th century.
Chined fuselage of an SR-71 Blackbird The front view of the A-12 showing forebody shaped into chines Chines visible on the Northrop YF-23. In aircraft design, a chine is a longitudinal line of sharp change in the cross-section profile of the fuselage or similar body.
Stringer (aircraft), or longeron, a strip of wood or metal to which the skin of an aircraft is fastened; Stringer (slag), an inclusion, possibly leading to a defect, in cast metal; Stringer (stairs), the structural member in a stairway that supports the treads and risers; Stringer (surfing), a thin piece of wood running from nose to tail of a ...
Its rectangular cross-section fuselage was built around four ash longerons joined by spruce frames and plywood covered. It had a 45 kW (60 hp) six-cylinder, inverted, air-cooled inline Train 6T engine in the nose and there was a large baggage store behind it. There were two open cockpits in tandem, fitted with dual control.