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The current cast iron dome of the United States Capitol is the second dome to sit above the building. Plans began in May 1854 to build a new cast-iron dome for the United States Capitol, sold on the aesthetics of a new dome, as well as the utility of a fire-proof one. [10]
The most famous example is the United States Capitol dome, built 1855–66 and made entirely of cast iron. The dome was designed by the architect Thomas Ustick Walter, and fabricated by the New York iron foundry, Janes, Fowler, Kirtland & Co. The dome consists of nearly 9 million pounds of cast iron.
[37] [38] The cast iron for the dome weighs 8,909,200 pounds (4,041,100 kg). [39] The dome's cast iron frame was supplied and constructed by the iron foundry Janes, Fowler, Kirtland & Co. [40] The thirty-six Corinthian columns that surround the base of the dome were provided by the Baltimore ironworks of Poole & Hunt. [41]
The dome was 37 meters in diameter and used 51 cast iron ribs to converge on a wrought iron compression ring 11 meters wide containing a glass and wrought iron skylight. The outer surface of the dome was covered with copper, with additional windows cut near the dome's base to admit more light during an 1838 modification. [ 49 ]
Cast-iron domes were particularly popular in France. [191] The 201 Dome Mosque in Gopalpur, Tangail, Bangladesh. The practice of building rotating domes for housing large telescopes was begun in the 19th century, with early examples using papier-mâché to minimize weight. [222]
Geodesic dome: Cast iron: 1811–1881 39.0 128.0 Bourse de commerce (previously the Halle aux blés) Paris, France First French Empire Engineer François Brunet. Architect François-Joseph Bélanger. [43] since 1881 46.9 154 Devonshire Royal Hospital: Buxton, United Kingdom Converted from a horse stables to a hospital. Slate-covered iron frame.
Below the cast-iron dome, the ceiling displays eight muses painted in 1886. For more than a century, the muses' artist remained anonymous; it is now known that it was Tommaso Juglaris, who created them in his Boston studio and never came to Michigan. In the east wing of the first floor is a large clock, called a long-drop clock.
The dome's cast-iron frame was made by the iron foundry Janes, Fowler, Kirtland & Co. [13] The 36 Corinthian columns designed by Walter, as well as 144 cast-iron structural pillars for the dome, were supplied by the Baltimore ironworks of Poole & Hunt. [14]