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The pitch angle of a charged particle is the angle between the particle's velocity vector and the local magnetic field. This is a common measurement and topic when studying the magnetosphere , magnetic mirrors , biconic cusps and polywells .
Pitch angle can refer to: Pitch angle (engineering), the angle between a bevel gears' element of a pitch cone and its axis; Pitch angle (particle motion), the angle between a charged particle's velocity vector and the local magnetic field; Pitch angle (kinematics), the rotation about the transverse axis of a stiff body
The particle is therefore endlessly trapped, and cannot escape from the region of the Earth. Particles with too-small pitch angles may strike the top of the atmosphere if they are not mirrored before their field line reaches too close to the Earth, in which case they will eventually be scattered by atoms in the air, lose energy, and be lost ...
At the same time, particles within the mirror have a pitch angle. This is the angle between the particles' velocity vector and the magnetic field vector. [37] Surprisingly, the particles with the small pitch angle can escape the mirror. [38] These particles are said to be in the loss cone.
The pitch angle (the angle between the direction of the motion of the particle and direction of the field line) has a low value at the equator and increases while the particle moves down a field line in the direction where the magnetic field strength increases. When the pitch angle becomes 90 degrees, the particle must move in the other ...
In the geometry of spirals, the pitch angle [1] or pitch [2] of a spiral is the angle made by the spiral with a circle through one of its points, centered at the center of the spiral. Equivalently, it is the complementary angle to the angle made by the vector from the origin to a point on the spiral, with the tangent vector of the spiral at the ...
Pitch angle (or pitch rotation), one of the angular degrees of freedom of any stiff body (for example a vehicle), describing rotation about the side-to-side axis . Pitch (aviation), one of the aircraft principal axes of rotation (nose-up or nose-down angle measured from horizontal axis)
The Euler angles are three angles introduced by Leonhard Euler to describe the orientation of a rigid body with respect to a fixed coordinate system. [ 1 ] They can also represent the orientation of a mobile frame of reference in physics or the orientation of a general basis in three dimensional linear algebra .