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  2. Python syntax and semantics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_syntax_and_semantics

    Python sets are very much like mathematical sets, and support operations like set intersection and union. Python also features a frozenset class for immutable sets, see Collection types. Dictionaries (class dict) are mutable mappings tying keys and corresponding values. Python has special syntax to create dictionaries ({key: value})

  3. Sentence boundary disambiguation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentence_boundary...

    The standard 'vanilla' approach to locate the end of a sentence: [clarification needed] (a) If it is a period, it ends a sentence. (b) If the preceding token is in the hand-compiled list of abbreviations, then it does not end a sentence. (c) If the next token is capitalized, then it ends a sentence. This strategy gets about 95% of sentences ...

  4. Syntactic sugar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntactic_sugar

    For example, the sentence MOVE A B. and the sentence MOVE A TO B. perform exactly the same function, but the second makes the action to be performed clearer. Augmented assignment or compound assignment operators: For example, a += b is equivalent to a = a + b in C and similar languages, assuming a has no side effects such as if a is a regular ...

  5. Full stop - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Full_stop

    Pascal uses it both as a means of accessing a member of a record set (the equivalent of struct in C), a member of an object, and after the end construct that defines the body of the program. In APL, it is also used for generalised inner product and outer product. In Erlang, Prolog and Smalltalk, it marks the end of a statement ("sentence").

  6. Closure (computer programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closure_(computer_programming)

    The term closure is often used as a synonym for anonymous function, though strictly, an anonymous function is a function literal without a name, while a closure is an instance of a function, a value, whose non-local variables have been bound either to values or to storage locations (depending on the language; see the lexical environment section below).

  7. Clipping (morphology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipping_(morphology)

    They typically originate as synonyms [3] within the jargon or slang of an in-group, such as schools, army, police, and the medical profession. For example, exam (ination), math (ematics), and lab (oratory) originated in school slang ; spec (ulation) and tick (et = credit) in stock-exchange slang; and vet (eran) and cap (tain) in army slang.

  8. Bag-of-words model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bag-of-words_model

    A common alternative to using dictionaries is the hashing trick, where words are mapped directly to indices with a hashing function. [5] Thus, no memory is required to store a dictionary. Hash collisions are typically dealt via freed-up memory to increase the number of hash buckets [clarification needed]. In practice, hashing simplifies the ...

  9. Hedge (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hedge_(linguistics)

    Fuzzy language refers to the strategic manipulation of hedges so as to deliberately introduce ambiguity into a statement. Hedges can also be used to express sarcasm as a way of making sentences more vague in written form. Sapphire works really hard. In this sentence, the word really can make the sentence fuzzy depending on the tone of the ...