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Plasmapheresis (from the Greek πλάσμα, plasma, something molded, and ἀφαίρεσις aphairesis, taking away) is the removal, treatment, and return or exchange of blood plasma or components thereof from and to the blood circulation. It is thus an extracorporeal therapy, a medical procedure performed outside the body. [1]
An exchange transfusion is a blood transfusion in which the patient's blood or components of it are exchanged with (replaced by) other blood or blood products. [1] The patient's blood is removed and replaced by donated blood or blood components. This exchange transfusion can be performed manually or using a machine . [2]
Chloride shift (also known as the Hamburger phenomenon or lineas phenomenon, named after Hartog Jakob Hamburger) is a process which occurs in a cardiovascular system and refers to the exchange of bicarbonate (HCO 3 −) and chloride (Cl −) across the membrane of red blood cells (RBCs). [1]
The centrifugation process itself has four variables that can be controlled to selectively remove desired components. The first is spin speed and bowl diameter, the second is "sit time" in centrifuge, the third is solutes added, and the fourth is not as easily controllable: plasma volume and cellular content of the donor.
This exchange occurs in many different types of body cells. [38] In the cardiac Purkinje fibers and smooth muscle cells of the ureters, this antiporter is the main mechanism of chloride transport into the cells. Epithelial cells such as those of the kidney use chloride-bicarbonate exchange to regulate their volume, intracellular pH, and ...
Their modernized albumin purification process consists of five steps: Starting material is plasma that has been pretreated by centrifugation, A round of gel filtration is run, ion exchange on DEAE Sepharose is run to bind the albumin to the column, Albumin is eluted with a sodium acetate buffer, and; Final polishing with gel filtration.
The Cohn process, developed by Edwin J. Cohn, is a series of purification steps with the purpose of extracting albumin from blood plasma. The process is based on the differential solubility of albumin and other plasma proteins based on pH , ethanol concentration, temperature, ionic strength, and protein concentration.
The minimum number of un-absorbable plasma proteins that exit capillaries enter lymphatic circulation for returning later on to those blood vessels. Those proteins which leave capillaries use the first capillary exchange mechanism and the process of diffusion, which is caused by kinetic motion of molecules. [6]