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Histone H2A is composed of non-allelic variants. [4] The term "Histone H2A" is intentionally non-specific and refers to a variety of closely related proteins that vary often by only a few amino acids. Apart from the canonical form, notable variants include H2A.1, H2A.2, H2A.X, and H2A.Z.
Histone H2A has the highest number of known variants, some of which are relatively well characterized. [2] [7] [8] H2A.X is the most common H2A variant, with the defining sequence motif ‘SQ(E/D)Φ’ (where Φ-represents a hydrophobic residue, usually Tyr in mammals). It becomes phosphorylated during the DNA damage response, chromatin ...
Histone H2A.Z is a protein encoded by the H2AZ1 gene in humans. [5] [6]Function. Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes.
H2A histone family member X (usually abbreviated as H2AX) is a type of histone protein from the H2A family encoded by the H2AFX gene. An important phosphorylated form is γH2AX (S139), which forms when double-strand breaks appear.
The first step of chromatin structure duplication is the synthesis of histone proteins: H1, H2A, H2B, H3, H4. These proteins are synthesized during S phase of the cell cycle. There are different mechanisms which contribute to the increase of histone synthesis.
Histone H2A type 1-A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HIST1H2AA gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes.
Histone H2A type 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HIST3H2A gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes .
This gene is intronless and encodes a member of the histone H2A family. Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in a histone cluster on chromosome 1. This gene is one of four histone genes in the cluster that are duplicated; this record represents the centromeric copy ...
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