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Djoko Susanto, born Kwok Kwie Fo (Chinese: 郭貴和; pinyin: Guō Guì Hé; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kueh Kùi Hām; born 9 February 1950) is an Indonesian entrepreneur, successful businessman and well known as a new billionaire of Indonesia since 2011.
PT Sumber Alfaria Trijaya Tbk or Alfamart is a primarily-franchised Indonesian convenience store chain. As of June 2023, it has over 18,000 stores in 27 provinces spread across Indonesia , with 4 million daily customers and tens of thousands of micro, small and medium-scale business partners. [ 1 ]
In marketing strategy, first-mover advantage (FMA) is the competitive advantage gained by the initial ("first-moving") significant occupant of a market segment.First-mover advantage enables a company or firm to establish strong brand recognition, customer loyalty, and early purchase of resources before other competitors enter the market segment.
The adaptive market hypothesis, as proposed by Andrew Lo, [1] is an attempt to reconcile economic theories based on the efficient market hypothesis (which implies that markets are efficient) with behavioral economics, by applying the principles of evolution to financial interactions: competition, adaptation, and natural selection. [2]
Cost–benefit analysis – Systematic approach to estimating the strengths and weaknesses of alternatives; Kaldor–Hicks efficiency – State leading to a Pareto-efficient outcome, concerning the compensation principle; Pareto efficiency – Weakly optimal allocation of resources
Social exchange theory is a sociological and psychological theory that studies the social behavior in the interaction of two parties that implement a cost-benefit analysis to determine risks and benefits. The theory also involves economic relationships—the cost-benefit analysis occurs when each party has goods that the other parties value. [1]
In economics, search and matching theory is a mathematical framework attempting to describe the formation of mutually beneficial relationships over time. It is closely related to stable matching theory.
Tournament theory is the theory in personnel economics used to describe certain situations where wage differences are based not on marginal productivity but instead upon relative differences between the individuals. [1]