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Symbol Name Meaning SI unit of measure alpha: alpha particle: angular acceleration: radian per second squared (rad/s 2) fine-structure constant: unitless beta: velocity in terms of the speed of light c: unitless beta particle: gamma: Lorentz factor: unitless photon: gamma ray: shear strain: radian
For example, one sphere that is described in Cartesian coordinates with the equation x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = c 2 can be described in spherical coordinates by the simple equation r = c. (In this system— shown here in the mathematics convention —the sphere is adapted as a unit sphere , where the radius is set to unity and then can generally be ...
The diameter symbol in engineering, ⌀, is often erroneously referred to as "phi", and the diameter symbol is sometimes erroneously typeset as Φ. This symbol is used to indicate the diameter of a circular section; for example, "⌀14" means the diameter of the circle is 14 units. A clock signal in electronics is often called Phi or uses the ...
The symbol ρ is often used instead of r. Note: This page uses common physics notation for spherical coordinates, in which θ {\displaystyle \theta } is the angle between the z axis and the radius vector connecting the origin to the point in question, while ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } is the angle between the projection of the radius vector onto ...
the population mean or expected value in probability and statistics; a measure in measure theory; micro-, an SI prefix denoting 10 −6 (one millionth) Micrometre or micron (retired in 1967 as a standalone symbol, replaced by "μm" using the standard SI meaning) the coefficient of friction in physics; the service rate in queueing theory
By 1910, inventor Mark Barr began using the Greek letter phi ( ) as a symbol for the golden ratio. [32] [e] It has also been represented by tau ( ), the first letter of the ancient Greek τομή ('cut' or 'section'). [35] Dan Shechtman demonstrates quasicrystals at the NIST in 1985 using a Zometoy model.
In physics and mathematics, the phase (symbol φ or ϕ) of a wave or other periodic function of some real variable (such as time) is an angle-like quantity representing the fraction of the cycle covered up to .
In logic, a set of symbols is commonly used to express logical representation. The following table lists many common symbols, together with their name, how they should be read out loud, and the related field of mathematics.