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As critical design focuses on present social, cultural, and ethical implications of design objects and practice, [1] it mostly emphasizes on social and cultural impact from its function. In addition, critical design objects have a lot of potential to contribute to testing ideas during the process of the development of new technology.
Critical technical practice is a critical theory based approach towards technological design proposed by Phil Agre [1] where critical and cultural theories are brought to bear in the work of designers and engineers. One of the goals of critical technical practice is to increase awareness and critical reflection on the hidden assumptions ...
A research design typically outlines the theories and models underlying a project; the research question(s) of a project; a strategy for gathering data and information; and a strategy for producing answers from the data. [1] A strong research design yields valid answers to research questions while weak designs yield unreliable, imprecise or ...
Peter G. Rowe's 1987 book Design Thinking, which described methods and approaches used by architects and urban planners, was a significant early usage of the term in the design research literature. [14] An international series of research symposia in design thinking began at Delft University of Technology in 1991.
Speculative design is a design practice concerned with future design proposals of a critical nature. The term was popularised by Anthony Dunne and Fiona Raby as a subsidiary of critical design . The aim is not to present commercially-driven design proposals but to design proposals that identify and debate crucial issues that might happen in the ...
The engineering design process, also known as the engineering method, is a common series of steps that engineers use in creating functional products and processes. The process is highly iterative – parts of the process often need to be repeated many times before another can be entered – though the part(s) that get iterated and the number of such cycles in any given project may vary.
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Design fiction is part of the speculative design discipline, itself a relative of critical design. [1] Although the term design fiction was coined by Bruce Sterling in 2005, where he says it is similar to science fiction but "makes more sense on the page", [29] it was Julian Bleecker's 2009 essay [30] that firmly established the idea. [5]