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Dyslexia is a brain-based learning disorder "that affects how people process written language, especially when it comes to reading, writing and spelling," explains Jimmy Noorlander, a licensed ...
The cerebellar theory of dyslexia asserts that the cause of dyslexia is an abnormality in the cerebellum (a region in the back of the brain), which in turn cause disruption in normal development, which causes issues with motor control, balance, working memory, attention, automatization, and ultimately, reading.
Dyslexia is not limited to difficulty in converting letters to sounds, and Chinese people with dyslexia may have difficulty converting Chinese characters into their meanings. [ 111 ] [ 112 ] The Chinese vocabulary uses logographic, monographic, non-alphabet writing where one character can represent an individual phoneme.
In 1979, Galaburda and Kemper [19] and Galaburda et al. 1985, [20] reported observations from the examination of post autopsy brains of people with dyslexia. Observed anatomical differences in the language center in a dyslexic brain, showing microscopic cortical malformations known as ectopias and more rarely vascular micro-malformations and in ...
The problems underlying this type of dyslexia are related directly to memory and coding skills that allow representation of printed letters and words, not to poor phonological processing. [11] This type of dyslexia is also termed surface dyslexia because people with this type have the inability to recognize words simply on a visual basis.
Letter addition/subtraction - People with dyslexia may perceive a word with letters added, subtracted, or repeated. This can lead to confusion between two words containing most of the same letters. Highly phoneticized spelling - People with dyslexia also commonly spell words inconsistently, but in a highly phonetic form, such as writing "shud ...
Although the disorder varies from person to person, common characteristics among people with dyslexia are difficulty with spelling, phonological processing (the manipulation of sounds), and rapid visual-verbal responding. In adults, dyslexia usually occurs after a brain injury or in the context of dementia.
According to the World Health Organization, nearly 1 in 6 people worldwide are living with a neurological disorder. In the U.S. alone, approximately 5.8 million people have Alzheimer's disease ...
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