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William "Bill" Kent Wootters is an American theoretical physicist, and one of the founders of the field of quantum information theory. In a 1982 joint paper with Wojciech H. Zurek , Wootters proved the no-cloning theorem , [ 1 ] at the same time as Dennis Dieks , and independently of James L. Park who had formulated the no-cloning theorem in 1970.
In the field of quantum information theory, the quantum systems studied are abstracted away from any real world counterpart. A qubit might for instance physically be a photon in a linear optical quantum computer, an ion in a trapped ion quantum computer, or it might be a large collection of atoms as in a superconducting quantum computer.
Quantum information theory is a generalization of classical information theory to use quantum-mechanical particles and interference. It is used in the study of quantum computation and quantum cryptography .
Quantum information science is a field that combines the principles of quantum mechanics with information theory to study the processing, analysis, and transmission of information. It covers both theoretical and experimental aspects of quantum physics, including the limits of what can be achieved with quantum information .
In quantum information and computation, the Solovay–Kitaev theorem says that if a set of single-qubit quantum gates generates a dense subgroup of SU(2), then that set can be used to approximate any desired quantum gate with a short sequence of gates that can also be found efficiently.
The quantum mechanical counterpart of classical probability distributions are modeled with density matrices. Consider a quantum system that can be divided into two parts, A and B, such that independent measurements can be made on either part. The state space of the entire quantum system is then the tensor product of the spaces for the two parts.
Charles Henry Bennett (born 1943) [1] is a physicist, information theorist and IBM Fellow at IBM Research.Bennett's recent work at IBM has concentrated on a re-examination of the physical basis of information, applying quantum physics to the problems surrounding information exchange.
Quantum Computation and Quantum Information is a textbook about quantum information science written by Michael Nielsen and Isaac Chuang, regarded as a standard text on the subject. [1] It is informally known as " Mike and Ike ", after the candies of that name . [ 2 ]