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  2. Directory structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directory_structure

    32-bit architecture: All programs (both 16-bit and 32-bit) are installed in this folder. 64-bit architecture: 64-bit programs are installed in this folder. \Program Files (x86) Appears on 64-bit editions of Windows. 32-bit and 16-bit programs are by default installed in this folder, even though 16-bit programs do not run on 64-bit Windows. [3]

  3. x86-64 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86-64

    AMD64 (also variously referred to by AMD in their literature and documentation as “AMD 64-bit Technology” and “AMD x86-64 Architecture”) was created as an alternative to the radically different IA-64 architecture designed by Intel and Hewlett-Packard, which was backward-incompatible with IA-32, the 32-bit version of the x86 architecture.

  4. 64-bit computing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/64-bit_computing

    However, most 32-bit applications will work well. 64-bit users are forced to install a virtual machine of a 16- or 32-bit operating system to run 16-bit applications or use one of the alternatives for NTVDM. [40] Mac OS X 10.4 "Tiger" and Mac OS X 10.5 "Leopard" had only a 32-bit kernel, but they can run 64-bit user-mode code on 64-bit processors.

  5. IA-64 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IA-64

    IA-64 (Intel Itanium architecture) is the instruction set architecture (ISA) of the discontinued Itanium family of 64-bit Intel microprocessors. The basic ISA specification originated at Hewlett-Packard (HP), and was subsequently implemented by Intel in collaboration with HP.

  6. EFI system partition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EFI_System_partition

    The Windows boot manager is located at the \EFI\Microsoft\Boot\ subfolder of the EFI system partition. [23] On Windows XP 64-Bit Edition and later, access to the EFI system partition is obtained by running the mountvol command. Mounts the EFI system partition on the specified drive. Available on Itanium-based computers only. [24]

  7. Physical Address Extension - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_Address_Extension

    It also uses the topmost bit of the 64-bit page table entry as a no-execute or "NX" bit, indicating that code cannot be executed from the associated page. The NX feature is also available in protected mode when these CPUs are running a 32-bit operating system, provided that the operating system enables PAE.

  8. Arch Linux - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arch_Linux

    The name was chosen because Vinet liked the word's meaning of "the principal," as in "arch-enemy". [7] [19] Originally only for 32-bit x86 CPUs, the first x86_64 installation ISO was released in April 2006. [20] Vinet led Arch Linux until 1 October 2007, when he stepped down due to lack of time, transferring control of the project to Aaron ...

  9. Architecture of Windows NT - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture_of_Windows_NT

    The Windows NT operating system family's architecture consists of two layers (user mode and kernel mode), with many different modules within both of these layers.. The architecture of Windows NT, a line of operating systems produced and sold by Microsoft, is a layered design that consists of two main components, user mode and kernel mode.