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X-15 Flight 3-65-97, also known as X-15 Flight 191 (being the 191st free flight of the X-15), was a sub-orbital spaceflight of the North American X-15 experimental spaceplane, carrying seven experiments to a peak altitude of 266,000 feet (50.4 mi; 81 km; 43.8 nmi), above NASA's definition of the start of space at 50 miles (80 km) but below the Kármán line definition at 62 miles (100 km).
Two conventions have been used to number the X-15's flights. In one, the numbers 1 through 199 were used to chronologically denote the free flights made by any of the three spaceplanes. For example, flight 1 (8 June 1959) was made by the X-15-1, flight 34 (7 March 1961) was made by the X-15-2, and flight 49 (5 April 1962) was made by the X-15-3.
On 15 November 1967, U.S. Air Force test pilot Major Michael J. Adams was killed during X-15 Flight 191 when X-15-3, AF Ser. No. 56-6672, entered a hypersonic spin while descending, then oscillated violently as aerodynamic forces increased after re-entry.
X-15 Flight 191 Michael James Adams (May 5, 1930 – November 15, 1967) ( Maj USAF ) was an American aviator , aeronautical engineer , and USAF astronaut . [ 1 ] He was one of twelve pilots who flew the North American X-15 , an experimental spaceplane jointly operated by the Air Force and NASA .
Flight/aircraft Crash site Cause/circumstances Aaliyah: United States 2001 Actress, singer, and model Cessna 402: Marsh Harbour, Abaco Islands, The Bahamas Maximum takeoff weight of airplane substantially exceeded, pilot under the influence of cocaine and alcohol. [1] Michael J. Adams: United States 1967 test pilot X-15 Flight 3-65-97
An engine failure forced Jack McKay, a NASA research pilot, to make an emergency landing at Mud Lake, Nye County, Nevada, [140] in the second North American X-15, AF Ser. No. 56-6671 on flight 2-31-52. The aircraft's landing gear collapsed and the X-15 flipped over on its back.
On October 3, 1967, Knight piloted X-15 Flight 188, the program's fastest flight. Flying at a maximum Mach of 6.7 and a maximum speed of 4,520 mph (7,274 km/h), he set a speed record for flight in a winged, powered aircraft. [1] The flight was made in the X-15A-2, the second of three planes in the X-15 fleet.
X-15 Flight 153: Engle's third and last spaceflight, and final flight with X-15 program. First spaceflight of the X-15-1. — William H. Dana: 1 November 1966 X-15 Flight 174: Dana's first spaceflight. — William J. Knight: 17 October 1967 X-15 Flight 190: Knight's only spaceflight. Last successful flight of the X-15-3. — Michael J. Adams ...