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Developmental disability – a term used in the United States and Canada to describe lifelong disabilities attributable to mental or physical impairments, manifested prior to age 18. Disorder – Developmental disorder – occur at some stage in a child's development, often slowing the development.
Autism spectrum disorder [a] (ASD), or simply autism, is a neurodevelopmental disorder "characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts" and "restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities". [11]
A 2003 review of epidemiological studies of children found autism rates ranging from 0.03 to 4.84 per 1,000, with the ratio of autism to Asperger syndrome ranging from 1.5:1 to 16:1; [142] combining the geometric mean ratio of 5:1 with a conservative prevalence estimate for autism of 1.3 per 1,000 suggests indirectly that the prevalence of AS ...
Theories about the cause of self-injurious behavior in children with developmental delay, including autistic children, include: [91] Frequency or continuation of self-injurious behavior can be influenced by environmental factors (e.g., reward in return for halting self-injurious behavior). This theory does not apply to younger children with autism.
The limited short term verbal memory paired with working memory may be the reason of language delay in children with autism. According to the result of this experiment the group with autism was able to perform the part of the test with nonlinguistic cues which depended on working memory but failed to pass short-term memory and the linguistic ...
Autistic meltdown describes an intense, often uncontrollable response to an overwhelming situation experienced by some autistic individuals.. Angry outbursts in autistic people have been referred to as meltdowns that manifest as an intense reaction, [1] but such outbursts are different to true meltdowns, which always take some time to recover from. [2]
Aripiprazole may be effective for treating autism in the short term, but is also associated with side effects, such as weight gain and sedation. [123] Some selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and dopamine blockers can reduce some maladaptive behaviors associated with ASD. [124]
16p11.2 deletion syndrome is a rare genetic condition caused by microdeletion on the short arm of chromosome 16. Most affected individuals experience global developmental delay and intellectual disability , as well as childhood-onset obesity .
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