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The value for the neutron's magnetic moment was first directly measured by L. Alvarez and F. Bloch at the University of California at Berkeley in 1940. [22] Using an extension of the magnetic resonance methods developed by Rabi, Alvarez and Bloch determined the magnetic moment of the neutron to be μ n = −1.93(2) μ N. By directly measuring ...
The nuclear magnetic moment is the magnetic moment of an atomic nucleus and arises from the spin of the protons and neutrons. It is mainly a magnetic dipole moment; the quadrupole moment does cause some small shifts in the hyperfine structure as well. All nuclei that have nonzero spin also have a nonzero magnetic moment and vice versa, although ...
The magnetic moment of the neutron is an indication of its quark substructure and internal charge distribution. [87] In the quark model for hadrons, the neutron is composed of one up quark (charge +2/3 e) and two down quarks (charge −1/3 e). [87] The magnetic moment of the neutron can be modeled as a sum of the magnetic moments of the ...
The neutron's magnetic moment is μ n = −1.91 μ N, whereas, since the neutron lacks an electric charge, it should have no magnetic moment. The value of the neutron's magnetic moment is negative because the direction of the moment is opposite to the neutron's spin. The nucleon magnetic moments arise from the quark substructure of the nucleons.
The nuclear magnetic moment of neutrons and protons is partly predicted by this simple version of the shell model. The magnetic moment is calculated through j, ℓ and s of the "last" nucleon, but nuclei are not in states of well-defined ℓ and s. Furthermore, for odd-odd nuclei, one has to consider the two "last" nucleons, as in deuterium.
The nuclear magneton is the natural unit for expressing magnetic dipole moments of heavy particles such as nucleons and atomic nuclei. Due to neutrons and protons having internal structure and not being Dirac particles, their magnetic moments differ from μ N: μ p = 2.793 μ N μ n = −1.913 μ N
The measurement of neutrino magnetic moments is an active area of research. Experimental results have put the neutrino magnetic moment at less than 1.2 × 10 −10 times the electron's magnetic moment. On the other hand, elementary particles with spin but without electric charge, such as the photon and Z boson, do not have a magnetic moment.
The magnetic moment of an object is an intrinsic property and does not change with distance, and thus can be used to measure "how strong" a magnet is. For example, Earth possesses an enormous magnetic moment, however we are very distant from its center and experience only a tiny magnetic flux density (measured in tesla ) on its surface.