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In terms of genetics, this is called an increase in allele frequency. Alleles become more or less common either by chance in a process called genetic drift or by natural selection . [ 13 ] In natural selection, if an allele makes it more likely for an organism to survive and reproduce, then over time this allele becomes more common.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to genetics: . Genetics – science of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms. [1] [2] Genetics deals with the molecular structure and function of genes, and gene behavior in context of a cell or organism (e.g. dominance and epigenetics), patterns of inheritance from parent to offspring, and gene distribution ...
Human genetics is the study of inheritance as it occurs in human beings.Human genetics encompasses a variety of overlapping fields including: classical genetics, cytogenetics, molecular genetics, biochemical genetics, genomics, population genetics, developmental genetics, clinical genetics, and genetic counseling.
Gene structure is the organisation of specialised sequence elements within a gene.Genes contain most of the information necessary for living cells to survive and reproduce. [1] [2] In most organisms, genes are made of DNA, where the particular DNA sequence determines the function of the gene.
Medical genetics is the branch of medicine that involves the diagnosis and management of hereditary disorders.Medical genetics differs from human genetics in that human genetics is a field of scientific research that may or may not apply to medicine, while medical genetics refers to the application of genetics to medical care.
PLINK [1] is a free, commonly used, open-source whole-genome association analysis toolset designed by Shaun Purcell. The software is designed flexibly to perform a wide range of basic, large-scale genetic analyses. PLINK currently supports following functionalities: data management;
Classical genetics is the branch of genetics based solely on visible results of reproductive acts. It is the oldest discipline in the field of genetics, going back to the experiments on Mendelian inheritance by Gregor Mendel who made it possible to identify the basic mechanisms of heredity. Subsequently, these mechanisms have been studied and ...
Genetics (based on Greek γενεά geneá "descent" and γένεσις génesis "origin") [2] is the science researching the transfer of characteristics from one generation to the next. The genes of an organism (strands of DNA) and the transfer of genes from the parent to the child generation of an organism in the scope of possible variations ...